The Matrix and Histology of Osseous Tissue
The Matrix of Bone Composition
Composition of Bone
- Bone matrix consists of:
- One-third organic matter
- Synthesized by osteoblasts.
- Includes:
- Collagen
- Carbohydrate-protein complexes
- Glycosaminoglycans
- Proteoglycans
- Glycoproteins
- Two-thirds inorganic matter
- Composed of:
- 85% Hydroxyapatite
- This is a crystallized calcium phosphate salt.
- 10% Calcium Carbonate
- Other minerals
- Includes fluoride, sodium, potassium, magnesium.
Organic vs. Inorganic Matter
- Organic matter provides strength, flexibility, and resilience to bones.
- Inorganic matter primarily gives bones strength and rigidity.
Bone as a Composite Material
- Bone is considered a composite material consisting of:
- Ceramic component (inorganic)
- Comprises hydroxyapatite and other minerals.
- Provides the ability to support body weight without sagging.
- Polymer component (organic)
- Composed of collagen (protein).
- Gives flexibility to the bone structure.
- Rickets
- A disease resulting from mineral deficiency.
- Leads to the formation of soft, deformed bones.
- Osteogenesis Imperfecta
- Known as brittle bone disease.
- Caused by a defect in collagen deposition leading to fragile bones.
Histology of Osseous Tissue
- Structure of bone tissues includes:
- Spicules
- Trabeculae
- Types of Bone:
- Spongy Bone
- Compact Bone
- Central Canal
- Lacuna
- Collagen Fibers
- Osteon
- Concentric Lamellae
Important Structures and Terms**
- Bone Marrow
- Trabecula
- Nerve
- Blood Vessel
- Endosteum
- Periosteum
- Perforating Fibers
- Canaliculi
- Visual representation includes Figure 7.4, illustrating:
- The layout and interconnectedness of these structures, ensuring optimal function and support within the bone matrix.