Vocab quiz 2

1. Candor (n): Quality of being open or honest in expression; Truthful  

2. Conviction (n): a strong persuasion or belief 

3. Nonchalant (adj): having an air of easy unconcern or indifference 

4. Extemporaneous (adj): spoken or done without preparation.
   "an extemporaneous speech"

5. Consecrate : (v) To make sacred

6. Hallow: (v) to make holy 

7. Semantic Category: Words from the same category of meaning (Consecrate and Hallow are from the same semantic category) 

8. Esoteric (adj) : understood by or intended for an elite, select few 

9.  Hyperbole: (n): exaggeration

10. Euphemism (n) : polite, indirect expressions which replace phrases considered harsh and impolite which suggest something unpleasant (“My grandfather passed”.)

11. Ameliorate (v): to make better or more tolerable 

12. Catharsis: (n) : an emotional discharge through which one can achieve a state of spiritual renewal ( From :Aristotle’s Poetics - something that evokes  “Pity and Fear”)

13. Allusion: (n) a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.

14. Idiom (n): an expression ( “Dime a dozen” “A blessing in disguise”)

15. Hubris (n): Exaggerated pride or confidence 

16. Destitute (adj): without the basic necessities of life (usually relating to money).

(some) Logical Fallacies: Faulty reasoning, often employed in persuasive speaking and/or writing.

17.  Ad Hominem: An argument directed at the person instead of at the position they are maintaining 

18. Red Herring: a kind of fallacy that is an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of listeners or readers from the original issue.

19. Hasty generalization:  Drawing a conclusion based on a small sample size, rather than looking at statistics that are much more in line with the typical or average situation. (in logic this is called: correlation does not mean causation) 

20. Bandwagon: This is an appeal that presents what most people, or a group of people think, in order to persuade one to think the same way