Police Community Relations Test Notes
Key Principles of Policing
- "The police are the public and the public are the police" – Sir Robert Peel
- Philosophy of PNP:
- Customer Relations:
- The process and manner businesses establish and maintain relationships with customers.
- Customer Service:
- Act of meeting customer needs by providing professional, high-quality assistance before, during, and after service.
Important Concepts in Law and Order
- Routine Activity Theory (1979):
- Developed by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson; focuses on the convergence of three key elements for crime to occur:
- Motivated Offender
- Suitable Target
- Absence of a Capable Guardian
- Crime occurs when these elements converge in time and space.
- International and National Instruments:
- NAPOLCOM Resolution No. 2015-342 and PNP Letter of Instruction emphasizing governance and accountability.
- United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) highlight human rights standards.
- ILO was established in 1919 to promote social justice for sustainable peace.
- Designed to enhance standards of good governance:
- Address corruption
- Maintain political & economic stability
- Uphold the rule of law
- Components of Performance Governance:
- Performance: Delivery of results and measurable progress.
- Governance: Strategy to introduce transformational change.
- System: Connects strategy with execution.
- PNP Customer Analysis
- PESTEL Analysis:
- Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological, Environmental, Legal
- SWOT Analysis
- Gap Analysis:
- Assesses the current state versus desired future state
- Setting Objectives: SMART criteria
Patrol Framework
- Peace and Order Agenda:
- Philosophy
- Personalized
- Patrol
- Permanent
- Policing
- Problem Solving
- Partnership
- Place
- Proactive
Perspectives of the PNP Charter
- Resource Management:
- Ensure optimal use of resources and uphold transparency and accountability in financial transactions.
- Learning and Growth:
- Necessity for skill development in the PNP to adapt to changing environments.
- Process Excellence:
- Focuses on improving crime prevention and community safety through effective policing.
- Community:
- Strengthening partnerships with communities to enhance law enforcement efficacy.
Characteristics of Good Customer Service
- Promptness:
- Ensure timely service delivery and avoid delays.
- Politeness:
- Maintain courteous interactions with customers.
- Professionalism:
- Competently address customer needs.
- Personalization:
- Use of customer's name to build loyalty.
Social Control Theory (Travis Hirschi, 1969)
- Conformity maintained through social bonds. Weakening of bonds can lead to increased deviant behavior, including crime.
- Four Pillars of Social Control Theory:
- Attachment
- Commitment
- Involvement
- Belief
- Crime Prevention
- Community Service
- Human Rights
- Disaster Response Management
Enforcement Financing
- The cornerstone of law enforcement is Public Trust and Community Engagement.
Essay Topics for Examination
- Draw and discuss CSOP System Core Components.
- Discuss the evolution in policing philosophy from Traditional policing to COPS to CSOP.