Executive Branch un

Fears of Tyranny:

The founding fathers feared that the President of the United States would become a tyrant.

Creation of the Executive Branch:

The executive branch was created to administer laws and have a leader for the nation.

Presidential Responsibilities:

The President's responsibilities include enforcing the law, dealing with foreign policy, and leading the military.

Increasing Presidential Power:

Presidents can increase their power by issuing executive orders.
The inherent powers of the president include enforcing laws and issuing executive orders.
Presidents often use their inherent powers during times of crisis, such as wars.

Executive Privilege:

The President has the right to refuse to testify before Congress or a court, known as executive privilege.

Mandates:

Checks and Balances:

The other two branches (judicial and legislative) have power over the executive branch.
The judicial branch can rule an executive order unconstitutional.
The legislative branch can override vetoes and impeach the president.
Impeachment is the process of accusing a public official of misconduct.

Roles of the President:

The President serves as head of state, head of government, chief executive, economic planner, and commander-in-chief.
As chief executive, the President implements and enforces laws.
As economic planner, the President creates a national annual budget with economic advisers and business leaders.

Executive Orders:

Executive orders are presidential directives that have the force of law without approval from Congress.
These orders are limited by the Constitution.

Impounding Funds:

Impounding funds is the refusal to spend an amount of money dedicated to a program.
Congress has passed legislation to prevent large-scale impounding.

Clemency Powers:

Military Powers:

As commander-in-chief, the President can send troops into action.
The War Powers Resolution requires the President to get Congress's approval within 60 days.

Shadow Wars:

Shadow wars are fought in secret by special operation troops against terrorist and cartel groups.
Only Congress can declare war.

Presidential Requirements:

Powers of the President:

The President has military power to command troops, judicial power to appoint judges, legislative power to persuade Congressmen to implement ideas, executive power, and foreign policy power to recognize nations.
Inherent powers are not explicitly stated in the Constitution.
Treaties are deals between the U.S. and another country and require Senate approval (two-thirds majority).
Executive agreements do not require a two-thirds majority of the Senate.

Appointments:

Legislation and Policy:

The USA PATRIOT Act allows the President to gather information about suspected terrorists.
In Hawaii v. Rumsfeld, it was ruled that the President cannot indefinitely detain foreigners or citizens without giving them the opportunity to defend themselves.

Foreign Policy:

Congress manages foreign policy legislation.
The President has key advantages in access to information and the ability to take decisive action.

Influencing Congress:

Veto Powers:

Veto is the refusal to sign a bill from Congress.
The President has 10 days to sign or veto a bill. If the time passes its a pocket veto when congress is away.

Economic Planning:

The President acts as the chief economic planner.
The Banking Act allows the President to appoint the seven members who direct the Federal Reserve System.
The Employment Act created a Council of Economic Advisers.

Political Patronage:

Political patronage is the practice of giving government positions to supporters rather than qualified individuals.
As party leader, the President sets the party's agenda, supports candidates of the same party, and represents the party's values.

Budget Approval: