Summary of Computer Graphics

Introduction to Computer Graphics

  • Computer graphics involve creating pictures and films using computer programming.

  • It is a rendering tool for generating and manipulating images.

Overview of Computer Graphics

  • Important for everyday visual communication (television, newspapers, etc.).

  • Provides methods to create visual content in 2D and 3D.

  • Can represent and manipulate image data using various technologies.

Types of Computer Graphics

  • 2D Graphics:

    • Vector Graphics: Created from mathematical equations; scalable without losing quality; common formats include .svg, .eps.

    • Raster Graphics: Composed of pixels; lose quality when scaled; common formats include .bmp, .jpg, .png.

  • 3D Graphics: Defined in three-dimensional space (x, y, z axes); realistic simulations with depth, perspective, and lighting.

Key Terms

  • Pixel: Smallest unit of a digital image; higher pixel count equals better detail.

  • Resolution: Density of pixels defined as width × height (e.g., 1920 × 1080). Higher resolution indicates better clarity.

  • PPI (Pixels Per Inch): Indicates pixel density; higher values lead to sharper visuals.

  • Aspect Ratio: Relationship between width and height of an image, expressed as x:y (e.g., 16:9).

Applications of Computer Graphics

  • CAD (Computer-Aided Design): Used in architecture and engineering for precision in modeling.

  • Computer Art: Digital artwork and animations; tools like Photoshop and Blender are commonly utilized.

  • Entertainment: Critical for creating movies, games, and immersive experiences like VR and AR.

  • Education and Training: Graphics enhance learning through simulations and interactive content.

  • Data Visualization: Graphical representation of complex data sets for clarity (e.g., charts and graphs).

  • Image Processing: Involves enhancing and analyzing images for better interpretation and use.

Computer Graphics Software

  • Divided into two categories:

    • General Programming Packages: Tools like OpenGL and OpenCV for developers.

    • Special Purpose Applications: User-friendly software (e.g., Paint, AutoCAD, Photoshop) designed for non-programmers to create and manipulate content easily.