22 April answers

  1. Modelling is a form of learning where individuals learn how to act or perform by observing another individual

  2. Avolition is the lack of motivation to carry out goal-driven activities, despite the opportunity being there, while poor social opportunity is the lack of opportunities to engage in social contact

  3. Twin studies investigate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to human traits, behaviours and mental health

  4. The SRY gene inhibits the growth of female anatomical structure in males, as well as beginning the production of testes

  5. In the Stanford Prison Experiment, the guards quickly adopted authoritarian roles, engaging in psychological abuse, dehumanisation and harassment of prisoners despite instructions against physical violence

  6. For information to move from the sensory register to short term memory, it has to be paid attention to

  7. In attachment, the unconditioned stimulus is food

  8. Systematic desensitisation is less traumatic than flooding because it involves a gradual exposure that allows the patient to get used to the fear in small, manageable steps

  9. Mechanisation of agriculture leads to rural-urban migration because it leads to a lack of jobs in agriculture, and so people move to urban areas for work

  10. A water deficit occurs when the demand for water exceeds the available supply

  11. Traction is a coastal transport process where fast flowing water slides large rocks along the sea floor

  12. Global coal demand has reached a plateau after hitting an all-time high in 2024 (roughly 8.8 billion tonnes), with consumption expected to stay near this level through 2026 before beginning a slow, long-term decline. While demand is structurally shrinking in advanced economies like the U.S. and the European Union, it continues to rise in emerging Asian economies, particularly China and India, which together consume nearly 70% of the world's coal

  13. One of the main techniques that influenced Alston is Cunningham technique, as well as Graham, Ballet and jazz

  14. Cunningham's approach to movement made a great impression on Alston, who had been taking classes in Graham technique at London Contemporary Dance School – it was here he found a way of moving which suited him in both body and mind.

  15. Intelligence varies across cultures primarily due to differences in education quality, environmental factors (nutrition, health), and cultural biases in testing, which often favour Western, school-based knowledge over practical skills valued in other contexts. Intelligence is not fixed; rather, it develops in response to cultural and environmental demands.

  16. The fight-or-flight response is an automatic survival mechanism triggered by the brain's hypothalamus when encountering perceived dangers or extreme stress

  17. A volcanic landslide or volcanogenic landslide is a type of mass wasting that takes place at volcanoes. Typically, the volcano builds up material in a peak that eventually becomes too high to be stable; the instability is relieved when a portion of the peak slides to a lower position

  18. Digital exclusion geography examines how location—rural, urban, or regional—creates or exacerbates digital inequality, with rural areas often suffering from poor connectivity and urban, deprived areas facing higher affordability barriers. This phenomenon is deeply intertwined with socioeconomic factors, where specific regions (e.g., Northern Ireland or UK regions with higher social housing) show lower internet usage rates

  19. Evenness is a measure of the relative abundance of the different species making up the richness of an area

  20. In Matthew Bourne's dance-theatre adaptation of Lord of the Flies, violence serves as the primary engine of the narrative, transforming a group of civilised schoolboys into a feral tribe. Bourne uses movement, specifically stamping, spear-throwing, and gang-like choreography, to show the quick, visceral descent from innocent play to fatal brutality

  21. In Matthew Bourne’s Lord of the Flies (choreographed by Scott Ambler and Matthew Bourne), movement reflects chaos through a visceral transition from structured, athletic play to raw, untamed savagery. The production uses high-energy dance, communal swarming, and frantic, unpredictable movement to show the breakdown of societal rules, transforming a polished group of schoolboys into a terrified and violent tribe.