Geo midterm

Formal - Measureable areas in which certain characteristics one found throughout.

Functional  - consists of a cultural place and the Surrounding areas affected by that unique Place/ feature.

Perceptual   - defined by People's feelings about areas 

Physical - landforms, bodies of Water.

Political - Political boundaries on earth's Surface

Thematic - Climate, vegetation , natural resources, economic activities , population.

RELATIVE LOCATION -  A description of how a place is related to other places .

ABSOLUTE - describes the position of a place in a way that never changes, no matter your location.

Explain in detail what causes Earth to have Seasons? - The Earth's tilt and revolution causes different parts of the earth to receive direct rays of the sun for more hours of the day at certain times in the Year.

Explain in detail between

WEATHER and CLIMATE? -  Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular location and time . Climate is the term for weather conditions at a particular location over a long period Of time.

Lines of longitude are measured how? - imaginary lines that measure distance east or west of the Prime meridian.

Lines of latitude are measured how? - Imaginary lines that measure distance north or south of the Equator.

Tectonic Plate Theory - Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core.

What is the lithosphere made of - Earth's crust and the top Section of Solid mantle.

Convergent plates cause what physical features? - Mountains and Volcanoes.

Divergent plates cause what physical features? - Rift valleys and Sea floor Spreading.

Transform plates cause what? - Earthquakes

If a plate slides under another plate, what is it called? - Subduction

DELTA -  triangular masses of land formed at the mouth of a river when the current slows down and deposits soil that is picked up along its course.

STRAIT -  A narrow strip sometimes called a channel.

of water connecting two larger bodies of water

CANAL -  An artificial waterway constructed far navigation or for the movement of water

ARCHIPELAGO - Group of islands

What is a culture region? - A Perceived space that shares a common cultural background. (New tech or a new way of doing something that's already happened)

Spatial Diffusion - Movement of a cultural idea / technology (i.e. that popularity of the pop music star Selena)

Artifact - An Object made by humans of some cultural or historical

Interest

Assimilation -  When an immigrant group adapts all of the features of the main Culture.

Cultural Diffusion - The process by which a cultural clement is spread to a group or individual

Cultural Regions - A Perceived Space that shares a common cultural background

Urban - City

Rural - Country | Farm

Urbanization - Process of people moving from the country to the City.

Dense -  Crowded, tightly Packed together .

Tribal - Keeps decision making local, Emphasizes Clan Kinship ties, Often rejected of modern government

Theocracy - a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

Monarchy - a form of government where a monarch, or head of state, rules for life or until they abdicate

Republic - Not a Monarchy. citizens have some participation in the government.

Democracy

Dictatorship  - Ruled by one person or Political Party. Power is Usually taken by force. Citizens have no rights

Totalitarian - Extreme form of dictatorship where citizens have no rights.

The governments seeks to control citren's public + private lives

Per Capita GDP(Gross Domestic Product) - Total value of all goods and services produced on average Per Person in a country over a year.

Per Capita Income - The average income a person would make in a country. Tells You how wealthy or Poor an average citizen is.

Infrastructure - facilities + Systems needed for modern living: utilities , transportation communication, healthcare, education.

Market Economy - private individuals and groups decide what to produce how much of it to produce and the price of what will be produced

Developing Economy - These economies often depend on more developed countries to buy their exports.

Infant Mortality Rate - Number of infants who die per every thousand birth in that country give you insight Into how strong/weak a country’s healthcare system is

Life Expectancy - Number of years on average a person in that country could expect to live another way to see how song weak a country’s healthcare system is

Population Density - The average number of people who live in a measurable area

Death Rate -Birth rate at which a population neither increases

nor decreases.

APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS - the US east coast from Alabama to Canada, a physical barrier for early American colonist so the population the city along the east coast is high

ROCKY MOUNTAINS - east of the Great Plains approximately 500 miles east of the Pacific Ocean Rocky’s major barrier for migration during westward expansion

CONTINENTAL DIVIDE - runs along the top of the rocky mountains, the separation of rivers flowing eastward and Westward

GREAT PLAINS - center of the US between the Mississippi river and Rocky Mountains America’s breadbasket where the most grain is grown large flat fertile area

OGALLALA AQUIFER - underground beneath the great plains underground water source that farmers used to irrigate crops in the midwest

MISSISSIPPI RIVER/DELTA - central US major shipping channel supplies, freshwater for cities, culture, and industry

RUST BELT - Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Wisconsin coal industry, steel production and manufacturing

SUN BELT - southeast and southwest US oil, military in aerospace and also many retirement communities

PHYSICAL BARRIER - structural obstacles in natural or man-made environments or block mobility or access

IRRIGATION - an artificial application of water to the soil used to assist in growing crops

PULL FACTOR - conditions that make another country more attractive to live than a person’s home country

PUSH FACTOR - conditions that make people want to move away from their home country

INFRASTRUCTURE - the basic physical and organization, structures and facilities needed to operate a society

How did navigable rivers influence the economic development of the USA? - Allowed other countries to trade their goods to more people.

What type of landform is most desirable for a farmer to grow their crops? EXPLAIN WHY - great Plains because of all the nutrient rich soil and the climate is nice.

ADAPTATION/ ADAPT - adjusting to actual or expected future climate example terracing

BIODIVERSITY - the variety of life on earth that all it levels from genes to ecosystems example plant fungi a forest

COLONIALISM - controlled by one power over a dependent area are people example of Brazil

DEFORESTATION - cutting down trees to a large extent example, Amazon rainforest

INDIGENOUS - those who inhabited a country or a geographical region at the time when people of different cultures or ethnic origins example Oceania

PANDEMIC - country wide or worldwide outbreak of disease example COVID-19

SLASH & BURN AGRICULTURE - for cup before dry season. The latch is permitted to dry and then burned in the following dry season to remove vegetation to temporarily fertilize the soil, and the burned field is then planted. Example Amazon basin Brazil.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - development that me to the needs of the present without compromising the ability of culture generations to meet their own needs example forestry

TERRACE AGRICULTURE - altering a steep hillside by cutting a series of flat surfaces or platforms wage resemble steps for the purpose of more effective farming example in the Andes, Chile, Peru, and Argentina 

What is the purpose and impact of the PANAMA CANAL? - faster and easier transportation from Europe to Asia saves nearly 8000 miles of travel and help me good cheaper also less pollution and carbon from shipping.

Describe the type of agriculture used in the ANDES MOUNTAINS. Why is it used there? (Adapt & Modify) - terracing to adapt the mountains in order to meet their needs to farm

Describe how European COLONIALISM worked in Latin America. - censored on European conquest and control of land resource and labor

What are some ways people prepare for NATURAL DISASTERS, such as earthquakes, hurricanes? (Haiti vs.Chile) - make an emergency plan plan where to meet if you get separated a supply kit with all your needs

Which 2 landforms were NATURAL BARRIERS that caused difficulty in colonizing and developing? (Amazon, Adapt Modify of South America) - Amazon rainforest and and Andes mountains

What are 2 environmental concerns in the AMAZON BASIN, - deforestation and biodiversity loss

Name three things that resulted from the Columbian Exchange: Horses, Sugar Plants, and disease.

Eurocentric - to view the world of the land of European history, views, and culture

Mercantilism - acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers and exploiting it economically

Industrialization - the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale

A warm ocean current that is responsible for Northwest Europe's warm and wet climate is the - North Atlantic Drift

What is a main goal of the European Union? - To promote peace, its values and the well-being of its Citizens.

What country refuses to join the EU? WHY? - Switzerland because they want to remain Independent and neutral in all conflicts. Also Norway because of their Strong economy.

What 3 things must you have to join the European Union? - stable institutions, Functioning market economy, Ability to fulfill the obligations of membership.

What caused the Black Plague? -The Versia Pestis. Bacteria

What was the result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe? - Rapid increase in Urbanization.

What was the reason the Industrial Revolution started in Europe - cloth making