Untitled Flashcards Set
Personal Possessives
These are formed by a combination of the possessive and the self-standing personal pronoun, with certain exceptions. Thus, for class one they are as follows:
Singular
My =wange (from wa nze)
Your (s)=wo (from wa o)
His, hers=we (from wa ye)
Our=waffe (from wa ffe)
Your (p)=Wammwe (from wa mmwe)
Their =waabwe (from wa bwe)
Plural
My =bange (from ba nze)
Your (s)=bo (from ba o)
His, hers=be (from ba ye)
Our=baffe (from ba ffe)
The personal possessive always follows directly after the noun taking precedence over all other words which qualify the noun.
Thus
Our guest
My soldier
Your good herdsmen
Their good chief
Your (p)=bammwe (from ba mmwe)
Their =baabwe (from ba bwe)
Please note that adjectives can stand on their own without the noun, so also can possessives and personal possessives. This is simply done by adding an initial vowel to the possessive or personal possessive, making it as it were a noun that can stand on its own.
eg. The man's ow'omuntu
mine=owange
The man's =ab'omuntu
mine (p)=abange Owa, owange, owaffe, aba, abange, abaffe are all used as exclamations in conversation, or when hailing a person (s) As the second- and third-persons singular are only monosyllables the self-standing personal possessives of these two are made as follows: Before the possessive is put the prefix of the possessive (U), making uwo and uwe, and before this is put the initial vowel, o. In this case the o f the initial vowel and the U of the prefix coinciding, a W is actually pronounced in between and is also written. We get:
Yours =owuwo
his or hers=owuwe
Similarly, the plural is Yours=ababo
His or hers=ababe emphasis on the last syllable
Demonstratives There are three demonstratives for this class.
Sing: 1. This=ono,
2. That oli,
3. that oyo
Plural: 1. These bano,
2. Those bali.
3 Those abo. Oyo=the person in question is nearby oli = the person in question is at a distance Oyo can also be used as a back reference during a conversation Demonstratives normally follow the noun giving precedence to personal possessive This person= omuntu ono Those people That soldier of mine Those good herdsmen of yours
Translate into English
Omulenzi w'omwani
Abaserikale b'omwami
Abaana b'omukazi
Abaserikale b'abalabe
Omugenyi wange
Ababaka baffe
Omulangira ono
Abambejja bali
The Object infix There are two groups of adverbs which agree with the noun