Brain Notes

  1. The brain is made up of 3 pounds (1.4 kg) of fat and protein
  2. There are 100 billion nerve cells made up of neurons. The neurons are considered the brains grey matter
  3. The grey matter makes up the outside of the brain, while the white matter makes up the inside of the brain
  4. The ridges of the brain are called the gyri and the valleys are called the sulci
  5. The brain contains the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the brainstem
  6. The cerebrum makes up 85% of the brain’s mass
  7. The cerebellum allows balance, muscle movement, and coordination. It is also known as the “little brain”
  8. The brainstem controls life, heart rate, breathe, blood pressure, and whether you are tired or awake
  9. The wrinkles increase the surface area of the brain, which increases neural cognition
    1. The brain is made up of the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe
    2. The frontal lobe controls speech, learning, movement, emotion, and thought
    3. The parietal lobe controls senses, temperature, and pain
    4. The occipital lobe controls vision
    5. The temporal lobe controls hearing and memory
    6. There are two brain hemispheres
    7. A lobotomy is when part of the frontal lobe is taken out
    8. Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges
    9. The fontanelle is the soft spot of the skull (baby)
    10. You have 270 bones when you are born, and 206-213 as an adult
    11. The meninges are made up of dura mater, arachnoid mater, and dia mater
    12. Cerebrospinal fluid helps with cooling, cushioning, and circulating
    13. The head of a neuron is made up of dendrite, a cell body, and a nucleus
    14. The body of a neuron is called an axon and is made up of myelin sheath, which makes up the white matter of the brain
    15. The end of the neuron has axon terminals
    16. There is a synapse (gap) between each neuron
    17. Electrons travel from neuron to neuron and have to jump over the synapse8