A&P Ch1
1. What is anatomy? (1pt)
The study of the structure of body parks and their relationships to one another
2. What is physiology? (1pt)
The study of the function of the body’s structural machinery
3. Chemistry & physics are helpful to understand which topic? (1pt)
Physiology
4. What is the principle of complementarity of structure & function? (1pt)
What a structure can do depends on its specific form
5. List the levels of structural organization in order from simplest to most complex and define each. (6pts)
Chemical- atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular- molecules combine to form cells, the smallest units of living things
Tissue- similar cells with a common function
Organ- two or more tissue types that carry out a specific function
Organ system- a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function
Organismal- a living thing which represents the sum total of all its structural levels working together to maintain life
6a. Which system covers the body, protects deeper tissues and organs, and synthesizes vitamin D? (1pt)
Integumentary system
6b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and oil glands
7a. Which system protects & supports the body, provides levers for muscles to work on, stores minerals, and forms blood cells? (1pt)
Skeletal system
7b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Bones, joints, ligaments, cartilage
8a. Which system causes motion, whether it’s moving the body, or manipulating an object, or moving something through the body? It also helps with posture, expression, and produces heat. (1pt)
Muscular system
8b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Skeletal muscles, tendons
9a. Which system controls the body and responds to stimuli (changes in the environment) by transmitting electrical impulses. (1pt)
Nervous system
9b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors
10a. Which system controls or regulates processes with chemicals called hormones? (1pt)
Endocrine system
10b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Endocrine glands like pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, gonads
11a. Which system transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and transports waste and carbon dioxide away from the cells? (1pt)
Cardiovascular system
11b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Heart, blood vessels
12a. Which system returns leaked fluid back to the blood and houses white blood cells and produces antibodies to neutralize foreign substances in the body? (1pt)
Lymphatic system
12b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, vessels, thymus, spleen, red bone marrow
13a. Which system is the site of gas exchange between the atmosphere and the body? It brings in oxygen and adds it to the blood and removes carbon dioxide from the blood to remove it from the body? (1pt)
Respiratory system
13b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Lungs, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, bronchi
14a. Which system ingests and breaks down food so that the building blocks can be absorbed by the blood and used by the body? It also removes the indigestible food as feces. (1pt)
Digestive system
14b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestines rectum, anus, liver
15a. Which system gets rid of the nitrogenous wastes of the body and regulates water, electrolyte, and pH balance of the body? (1pt)
Urinary system
15b. What are some examples of organs in this system? (2pts)
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
16a. Which system helps produce offspring and is the site of fetal development in females? (1pt)
Reproductive System
16b. What are some examples of organs in this system? Make sure to list one female and one male example and know what they are called collectively (2pts)
Uterus, ovary, testis, scrotum