πŸ”¬ Scientific Investigation

  • Research Process Steps: Problem β†’ Purpose β†’ Literature review β†’ Hypothesis β†’ Design β†’ Instruments β†’ Validity/Reliability β†’ Data collection β†’ Analysis β†’ Results β†’ Discussion β†’ Conclusion β†’ Communication.

  • Scientific Method:

    1. Observation

    2. Question

    3. Hypothesis (educated, testable guess)

    4. Experiment (independent vs dependent variables, controlled conditions)

    5. Data analysis

    6. Conclusion (multiple trials, adequate sample size).

  • Variables:

    • Independent: Manipulated (X-axis).

    • Dependent: Measured (Y-axis).

    • Controlled: Kept constant.

  • Example: Fertilizer (independent) β†’ Plant growth (dependent).

  • Practice: Height (independent) vs Stride length (dependent).