coastal landscapes

Waves: are formed by the wind moving across surface of the sea.

The Power of waves depends on wind speed, the fetch: distance over which wind blows

Swash: water that moves up the shore carries sediments with it) (inland)

backwash = water moves back down the shore ( carres sediments with it) (back to sea)

Constructive waves:Create / build the beach constructive is Strong swash + weak backwash

constructive :deposit sediments on the beach. Constructibe waves: calm weather, summer months, water has less energy.

Destructive waves: Destroy the beach

destructive os Weak swash and strong backwash.

• Destructive waves erode sediments from the shore
• Destruchue waves: poor weather , winter months, water has lots of energy

Sea Erosion: Sea (water) breaks away at the land

• hydraulic action is the sheer force of waves pounding the coast. Rock and sand are removed by the relentless impact waves on the coastline

• compressed air happens when air becomes trapped in cracks in the rock, Incoming waves compress air in the joints.When the waves retreats, the air expands Over time, This pressure shatters the rock

• abrasion is caused when pebbles, stones and rocks dashed against the coast by waves. this breaks off pieces of rock from the coastline

• Attrition is when pebbles and stones

  that are carried by the sea rub against each other . As a result they become rounded and worn down. Eventually

  the rocks are broken down into fine sand

• Solution happens when sea water, which contains salt, gradually dissolves rock on the coastline

  Longshore drift: Sea transports sediments along a coast

• wave approciches at a angle

• Swash brings material up shore (some deposited)

• backwash carries some material back ( right angle )

• zig -zag movement moves material across shore