AQA English Literature Quotes Bank - Macbeth
Act 1 Quotes
1.1 - Witches: “Fair is foul and foul is fair”
Witches await Macbeth
Everything is reversed, unatural and distorted
Oxymoron and Repition
Witchcraft
1.3 - Banquo: “The instruments of darkness tell us truths”
Witches talk to Banquo and Macbeth.
Banquo believes the witches’ prophecy, but fears what the effect might be.
Metaphor
Tragedy/fate; belief in the supernatural
1.3 - Banquo: “New honors come upon him, like our strange garments”
Banquo comments on the effect of the witches’ prophesy.
Macbeth appears transformed by the thought that he may be king.
Simile; motif of clothes
Belief in the supernatural
1.5 - Lady Macbeth: “Come, you sprits that tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here”
Lady Macbeth’s soliloquy, wishing her husband was more decisive and less scrupulous.
She wants to be more like a man, to take charge herself.
Imagery, unusual and powerful verb (“unsex”)
Role of women, patriarchal society
1.5 - Lady Macbeth: “Come, thick night, and pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell”
Lady Macbeth’s soliloquy, following the news that Duncan will visit. She is plotting his death.
She wants to become evil, cruel – to turn to the dark side.
Metaphor, imagery of light and dark
Fate, the concept of evil, role of women
1.7 - Lady Macbeth: “Was the hope drunk wherin you dress’d youself”
Lady Macbeth tries to talk her husband into killing King Duncan.
She is insulting Macbeth, insinuating that he is a coward who merely pretended to be courageous.
Metaphor
Patriarchal society, reversal of gender stereotypes
1.7 - Lady Macbeth: “I would, while it was smiling in my face… dash’d the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to this”
Lady Macbeth tries to talk her husband into killing King Duncan.
She would rather have killed her own child than to backtrack on the plan to kill Duncan, as Macbeth is trying to do.
Hyperbole, violent verbs ( ‘dash’d’)
Reversal of gender stereotypes
1.7 - Macbeth: “If it were done when ‘tis done, then ‘twere well it were done quickly”
Macbeth is worrying about killing King Duncan.
If he has to kill Duncan, he wants to get it over with rapidly. He is having doubts.
Repetition
Regicide, Divine Right of Kings
1.7 - Macbeth: “Vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself and falls on the other”
Macbeth is worrying about killing King Duncan.
He fears his aim to become ruler may lead him to make a tragic mistake.
Metaphor
Regicide, Divine Right
Act 2 Quotes
2.1 - Macbeth: “Is this a dagger that I see before me, the handle toward my hand?”
Macbeth is preparing to kill King Duncan and hallucinates.
He is imagining the murder weapon – possibly the sign of a guilty mind.
Imagery
Regicide
2.1 - Macbeth: “Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven or to hell”
A bell sounds as Macbeth goes off to kill Duncan.
He takes the bell as a portent of death; it is personified as his accomplice
Symbolism, personification, rhyming couplet
Religion, regicide
2.2 Macbeth: “Methought I heard a voice cry ‘Sleep no more!’ ”
Macbeth returns to his wife after killing Duncan.
He is overcome with guilt.
Symbolism, imagery
Regicide, guilt, madness
Act 3 Quotes
3.1 - Banquo: “Thou play’dst most foully for’t”
Banquo is concerned about Macbeth.
He suspects Macbeth is guilty of murder.
Emotive language
Regicide, guilt
3.4 - Macbeth: “Hence, horrible shadow! unreal mockery, hence!”
At a grand feast to celebrate his coronation, Macbeth sees the blood-covered ghost of Banquo – the friend he has had killed.
He is appalled at the gory spectacle of the dead coming back to haunt him.
Imagery of death
Guilt, madness
Act 4 Quotes
4.1 - First Apparition: “Beware the thane of Fife”
The witches present a series of apparitions to Macbeth, foretelling his fate.
The spirit (“an armed head”) is warning him that Macduff is his most dangerous enemy.
Imperative verb (“beware”) Equivocate - half truth
Belief in the supernatural, portents, fate
4.1 - Second Apparition: “None of woman born shall harm Macbeth”
The witches present a series of apparitions to Macbeth, foretelling his fate.
The spirit (“a bloody child”) seems to imply that Macbeth cannot be defeated.
Prediction takes the form of a riddle (perhaps hinting that it is misleading).
Belief in the supernatural,
portents, fate
Act 5 Quotes
5.1 - Lady Macbeth: “Out, damned spot! Out, I say”
She is sleepwalking, imagining she is washing her hands.
She sees blood on her hands – a symbol of her guilt.
Repetition, exclamation
Madness, role of women, guilt over regicide
5.1 - Lady Macbeth: “What’s done cannot be undone”
She is sleepwalking, pondering on her own guilt over Duncan’s death.
King Duncan is dead and cannot be brought back to life.
Repetition? Has the air of an adage.
Fate, fatalism, guilt over regicide, madness
5.5 - Macbeth: “Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player…”
Macbeth learns that his wife has killed herself.
Life is unreal – like a stage performance that is not important.
Metaphor
Theatre of the time, fate
5.8 - Macduff: “Macduff was from his mother’s womb untimely ripped.”
Macbeth and Macduff fight. Macduff reveals that he was born by caesarean section, so he can defeat Macbeth according to the witches’ prophecy.
Imagery
Fate, prophesy, the supernatural