Stomach

  • cardiac + pyloric sphincters, J-shaped bag with the capacity to expand RUGAE

  • 3 layers of muscle (extra : oblique) to churn food in mechanical digestion

    • it is now called CHYME and to mis is with enzymes used in chemical digestion

  • chyme enables the stomach to contract in a variety of ways to churn the food and mix it with the stomach juices until the food is converted to a thick soupy liquid called chyme

  • gastric glands are found in the base of gastric pits and release gastric juice which contains

    1. HCl (ph 1-2 acidic) → kills micro-organisms, inactivates amylase (neutral ph 7) & activates gastric protease

    2. mucus → protect stomach from self-digestion

    3. gastric protease → breakdown proteins (100+AA) → polypeptides (10+AA)