AP GOV
Representative democracy
Participatory democracy
Pluralist democracy
Elite democracy
Natural rights
Social contract
Popular sovereignty
Limited government
The Declaration of Independence
The Articles of Confederation
Shays’ Rebellion
The Constitution of the United States
Separation of powers
Checks and balances
Republicanism
Great (Connecticut) Compromise
Three-Fifths Compromise
Electoral College
Supremacy Clause
Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Federalism
Brutus No. 1
Federalist No. 10
Enumerated powers
Exclusive powers
Implied powers
10th Amendment
Reserved powers
Concurrent powers
Commerce Clause
Necessary and Proper Clause
Categorical grants
Policymaking
Mandates
Block grants
Revenue sharing
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
United States v. Lopez (1995)
Unit 2:
Individualism
Equality of opportunity
Free enterprise
Rule of law
Globalization of U.S. political culture
Political socialization
Political ideology
Liberal ideological positions on economic policy
Conservative ideological positions on economic policy
Liberal ideological positions on social policy
Conservative ideological positions on social policy
Public opinion
Scientific polling
Opinion polls
Benchmark polls
Tracking polls
Exit polls
Polling methodology
Accurate sampling methods
Neutral framing of questions
Accurate reporting
14th Amendment
15th Amendment
17th Amendment
19th Amendment
24th Amendment
26th Amendment
Demographic factors that influence voter turnout
Structural barriers influence on voter turnout
Rational choice voting
Retrospective voting
Prospective voting
Straight ticket voting
Linkage institutions
Interest groups
Free riders
Single issue groups
Lobbying
Traditional news media
Investigative journalism
Social media
Horse-race journalism
New media
Political commentary
Media Conglomerates
Political parties
Party platform
Campaigns
Incumbency advantage phenomenon
Open and closed primaries
Caucuses
Party conventions
General elections (presidential and midterm)
Party coalitions
Third-party
Campaign finance
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, 2002
Political Action Committees
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (FEC) (2010
Unit 3:
Impeachment
Power of the purse
Congressional oversight
Bill markup
Committee of the Whole
Discharge petition
Unanimous consent
Hold in the Senate
Filibuster
Cloture
Conference committee
Mandatory spending
Discretionary spending
Entitlement programs
Veto and pocket veto
Pork-barrel legislation
Logrolling
Partisanship
Polarization
Gridlock
Gerrymandering
Redistricting
Divided government
Shaw v. Reno (1993)
Baker v. Carr (1961)
Trustee model
Delegate model
Politico model
Lame duck president
Formal vs. informal powers
Commander-in-chief
Congressional agenda
State of the Union
Executive agreements
Signing statements
Cabinet members
Executive Office of the President
Executive orders
Senate confirmation
22nd Amendment
President’s bully pulpit
Federal bureaucracy
Iron triangles
Issue networks
Civil service
Merit based system vs. political patronage
Discretionary power
Bureaucratic agencies
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
District Courts
Stare decisis
Judicial review
Judicial activism
Judicial restraint
Federalist No. 51
Federalist No. 70
Federalist No. 78
Unit 4:
Civil liberties
The Bill of Rights
Establishment Clause
Free Exercise Clause
Symbolic speech
Defamation
Libel
Slander
Clear and present danger test
Prior restraint
Selective incorporation
Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the 14th Amendment
Unenumerated rights
Substantive due process
Schenck v. United States (1919)
McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)
New York Times Company v. United States (1971)
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
Roe v. Wade (1973)
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022)
Civil rights
“Letter from a Birmingham Jail”
The National Organization for Women and the women’s rights movement
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title IX
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
“Separate but equal”
Brown v. Board of Education (1964)
Affirmative action
*Note: Foundational Docs & Required SCOTUS Cases are highlighted