Geography and the Early Development of Rome
Geography and the Early Development of Rome
Introduction
- Roman civilization flourished from about 700 B.C.E. to about 476 C.E.
- Rome, located in Italy, was founded around 700 B.C.E.
- Legend of Romulus and Remus, twins raised by a wolf, who founded Rome.
The Early Romans and Their Neighbors
- Latins were among the first Romans, settling around 700 B.C.E.
- Village built by a Latin tribe on the Palatine Hill eventually became Rome.
- Etruscans, dominating Etruria, greatly influenced Roman culture.
- Greeks also influenced Roman culture through colonization and trade.
The Influence of Etruscan Engineering
- Romans learned engineering techniques like the arch and cuniculus from Etruscans.
- Arches and underground trenches were adopted and enhanced by Romans.
The Influence of Etruscan Sporting Events
- Romans adopted Etruscan sports like slave fighting and chariot races.
- Gladiatorial combat and chariot racing became popular in Rome.
The Influence of Greek Architecture
- Romans borrowed Greek architectural styles and adapted them.
- Greek temples inspired Roman public buildings like the Pantheon and Colosseum.
The Influence of Greek Writing
- Romans adopted and altered the Etruscan alphabet, influenced by Greek writing.
- Important documents were inscribed in stone or bronze, following Greek tradition.
The Influence of Greek Art
- Roman artists admired Greek pottery, painting, and sculpture.
- Greek artistic styles were adopted and adapted by Roman artists.
The Influence of Greek Mythology
- Roman religion was influenced by Greek mythology.
- Greek gods were adopted by Romans with Roman names.
Chapter Summary
- Rome was founded by Latins and influenced by Etruscans and Greeks.
- Roman culture borrowed engineering, sports, architecture, writing, art, and mythology from its neighbors.
Note: The chapter covers the early influences on Roman culture, focusing on the contributions of the Latins, Etruscans, and Greeks in various aspects of Roman society.