a) Level of organization of the human body Atom -> Molecule -> Macromolecule-> Organelle -> Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ System -> Organism b) Bo

a)     Level of organization of the human body

Atom -> Molecule -> Macromolecule-> Organelle -> Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ System -> Organism

b)     Body cavities.

Ventral Cavity: Thoracic Cavity (Superior), Diaphragm Contains Pleural cavities, Mediastinum, Pericardial cavity.

Abdominopelvic Cavity (inferior) Contains digestive glands and organs, urinary bladder, reproductive organs and last portion of digestive tract

Dorsal Cavity: Cranial Cavity

                  Vertebral Canal

Sinuses: only on frontal and sphenoid bones

c)     Serous membranes: visceral, parietal, ….

Serous membranes: Thin, double layered membranes that cover surfaces in ventral body cavity

Parietal Serosa: lines internal body cavity walls

Visceral Serosa: covers internal organs

Pericardium: Heart (visceral and parietal pericardium)

Pleurae: Lungs (visceral and parietal pleura)

Peritoneum: Abdominopelvic cavity (Visceral and parietal peritoneum)

d)     Cardinal planes, axes of rotation and directions (medial, lateral, cranial, …)

Sagittal:

Frontal:

Transverse:

e)     Names of movements in various joints (FLX, ABD, INV, …etc)

Plantar Flextion: foot pointed down toes extended

Flexion: decrease angle of joint

Ulnar deviation: toward ulnar

Retraction: pull shoulders back

Adduction: bring arms out (adding to the body)

Radial Deviation: towards radius, waving, thumb

Extension: increase angle of a joint

Abduction: moving away from the body

Elevation: raise it up

Pronation: palm down

Eversion: foot out (duck waddle)

Horizontal Abduction: transverse plane

Internal Rotation: rotate toward body palm facing body

Horrizontal abduction: transverse plane

Inversion: turn foot in pigeon toed

External Rotation: rotate away from body (palm out)

Depression: put down

Dorsiflexion: depression, put down

Protraction, pull shoulders forward

Supination palm up (hold soup)

f)      Names of various body regions (brachial, cervical, …..etc)

Study Kahoot

Positional Terms:

Superior: Above

Inferior: Below

Anterior (ventral): Front

Posterior (dorsal): Back

Medial: center

Lateral: side

Superficial: surface

Deep: internal

Proximal: closer to trunk

Distal: farther from trunk

1.     Skeletal

g)     Bone types (long, flat, …)

Long bones: Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Scapula, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Metacarpals, Metatarsals, Phalanges

Flat bones: Frontal bone, Parietal bone, Occipital bone, Nasal Bone, Lacrimal Bone, Vomer, sternum, ribs, illium, ischium, pubis

Irregular bones: Ethmoid, Temporal, Sphenoid, Vertebrae, Sacram, Hyoid, Mandible, Maxilla, Zygomatic, inferior nasal concha

Short bones: Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Hamate, Capitate, Trapezoid, Trapezium. Talus, Calcaneuos, Navicular, Cuboid, Medial, lateral, and intermediate cuneiform

Sesamoid Bones: Patella, on the thumb/ big toe