APHG UNIT 4 FlashCards

Nations, States, and Boundaries

  1. Ethnonationalism - Loyalty to your ethnic group as a nation.

  2. Failed State - A country that can’t function properly.

  3. Multinational State - A country with many groups (nations) living in it.

  4. Multistate Nation - One group (nation) living in multiple countries.

  5. Nation - A group of people with a shared culture and identity.

  6. Nationalism - Pride in your nation.

  7. Nation-State - A country where one group (nation) mostly lives.

  8. Semiautonomous Region - A region that partly governs itself.

  9. State - A country with borders and a government.

  10. Stateless Nation - A group (nation) without its own country.

Power and Control

  1. Colonialism - Controlling another place for power and resources.

  2. Devolution - Giving power from a central government to local areas.

  3. Imperialism - Expanding control over other countries.

  4. Independence Movement - A group fighting for freedom from a ruling country.

  5. Self-Determination - The right of people to decide how they’re governed.

  6. Separatist Movement - A group wanting to break away and form their own country.

  7. Sovereignty - A country’s full control over itself.

  8. Choke Point - A narrow area where movement is easily blocked (e.g., a canal).

  9. Neocolonialism - Controlling another country indirectly (economically or politically).

  10. Shatterbelt - A region with lots of conflict and instability.

  11. Territoriality - Control over a specific area.

Boundaries and Borders

  1. Antecedent Boundary - A boundary drawn before people lived there.

  2. Balance of Power - When power is distributed equally between groups or countries.

  3. Boundary - A line separating two areas or countries.

  4. Consequent Boundary - A boundary based on cultural divisions.

  5. Geometric Boundary - A straight-line boundary.

  6. Relic Boundary - A boundary that no longer exists but still impacts the area.

  7. Subsequent Boundary - A boundary made after people settled there.

  8. Superimposed Boundary - A boundary forced on people by outsiders.

  9. Demilitarized Zone - An area where no military activity is allowed.

  10. Maritime Boundary - Borders in the ocean.

Government and Politics

  1. Electoral College - A system for electing the U.S. president.

  2. Gerrymandering - Changing voting district boundaries for political advantage.

  3. Redistricting - Redrawing voting district boundaries.

  4. Democracy - Government where people vote for leaders.

  5. Federal State - A country where power is shared between the national and local governments.

  6. Monarchy - A government ruled by a king or queen.

  7. Republic - A government where leaders are elected.

  8. Theocracy - A government based on religion.

  9. Unitary State - A country where most power is held by the central government.

Conflict and Change

  1. Ethnic Cleansing - Forcing people of certain ethnic groups to leave an area.

  2. Genocide - Killing a group of people based on their ethnicity or religion.

  3. Irredentism - A country trying to reclaim land it once controlled.

  4. Terrorism - Using violence to create fear for political goals.

  5. Autonomous Region - An area with the freedom to govern itself.

  6. Democratization - Moving toward a government where people have more voting power.

  7. Supranationalism - Countries working together in organizations like the UN or EU.

Specific Terms

  1. Apartheid - Racial segregation in South Africa.

  2. Balkanization - Breaking up a region into smaller, hostile countries.

  3. Frontier - A zone with no clear boundaries or control.

  4. Ghetto - An area where a specific group is forced to live, often in poor conditions.