90-99 test

Biotechnology - Biological science

Bioengineering - design to solve medical problems

  1. Crossbreeding (Cross breeding two different types of plants)
  2. Gene splicing (slicing two genes together, a fast way of cross breeding)
  3. Gene silencing (turning a gene off)
  • Food production and distribution are essential for society as a whole
  • Obstacles can be encountered at all stages
  • In early history, hunter-gatherers were always moving and searching for food
  • The invention of agriculture changed the way of hunter-gather living
  • About 9000 years ago began planting seeds, this cleared trees to plant leveled land and diverted streams
  • Raised animals and began selective breeding
  • Allowed people to settle and create communities
  • Trade began
  • Genetic engineers create newer and better crops
  • The human population continues to grow and the demand for food grows too
  • We changed because population changed - we had to create a world of sustainability

Engineers develop new technologies to produce more

  • At lower costs
  • At high quality

Engineering practices create solutions to challenges - Being able to do more with your hands.

-Engineers make machines that combine math and science

Ex: milking machines, plows, seeders, sprayers, harvesters


  • Ensure sustainability
  • Balance- produce more while safeguarding the environment

Agriculture challenges:

  • Drought
  • climate change
  • Weather
  • Disease
  • Money

Irrigation technology: computers manage a perfect amount at the perfect time

Advancing Technologies

Risks:

  • Fertilizers mix with water carry into rivers and produce algae
  • Algee will kill fish
  • Destroy habitats
  • Genes introduced may spread into other species/properties and upset the system

Benefits:

  • Increase food production
  • Increase food quality
  • New crops resit to pests and disease

Design new technology:

  • How will it solve the problem
  • What are the cost
  • What will it test
  • What are the risks
  • What is important to me the consumer
  • Are the risks worth the benefit

Amputation- loss of limbs because of accidents or diseases

Prosthetic device - an artificial limb. A Prosthetic arm or leg needs to respond the way the original limb does. Makes the person independent

  • Engineers have made advances in movement, they are working on nerve advances

Biomechanics - the study of mechanical laws related to movements

Biomechanical engineers - they design technologies that help someone with a disability perform a task with independence. It helps people with a disability to minimize the impact on everyday life

Adaptive - specific to people with walker disabilities

Assisted - to allow someone to perform a task with ease

Assistive - used to improve a function

Simple assistance

  • Ramp
  • Large handle

Complex assistance

  • Braille
  • Automatic door opener
  • Wheelchair

Risks with assistance

  • Can be expensive
  • Vary with needs
  • WWI left hundreds of amputees - the demand for all sorts of technology
  • Prosthetic devices start simply using wood, plastic, and metal
  • Attempt to make them more natural in both look and function
  • Integration of movement with brain function - use your nerve's function

Movement - more fine mother and weight-bearing

What do designers consider

  • What is the intended function
  • Different functions depend on the needs of the owner
  • How much will it cost - initial cost and repairs
  • Does it require constant service?