CAF Exam 2 Study Notes

CAF Exam 2 Study Notes

Types of Groups (FROCSS)

  • F – Family and Friendship Groups
    • Provide emotional support, nurture, and a sense of belonging.
  • R – Religious Groups
    • Based on shared beliefs, values, and practices.
  • O – Other Specific Groups
    • Include support groups, online communities, clubs, etc.
  • C – Cultural Groups
    • Formed around shared heritage, language, or customs.
  • S – Sporting and Leisure Groups
    • Based on shared interests in physical activity or hobbies.
  • S – Study and Work Groups
    • Focused on achieving educational or professional goals.

Reasons for Group Formation (SCROGLSSSS)

  • S – Shared Interest/Common Goal
    • Members are drawn together by mutual objectives.
  • C – Culture
    • Shared cultural background or identity.
  • R – Religion
    • Shared faith and spiritual practices.
  • O – Other
    • Any other specific reason not covered above.
  • G – Gender
    • Groups formed based on gender identity or roles.
  • L – Location/Geography
    • Proximity or shared living areas.
  • S – Specific Need
    • Support for health, wellbeing, or development.
  • S – Social Interaction
    • Desire for companionship and connection.
  • S – Sexuality
    • Groups formed around sexual identity and support.
  • S – Security
    • Need for safety, protection, or stability.

Roles Individuals Adopt Within Groups

Roles can be categorized into three main types:

  1. T – Task-Oriented Roles
    • Focus on achieving group goals and completing tasks.
    • Examples: Leader, organiser, recorder.
  2. S – Socioemotional Roles
    • Focus on maintaining positive relationships within the group.
    • Examples: Encourager, mediator, supporter.
  3. D – Destructive Roles
    • Negatively impact the group’s functioning or progress.
    • Examples: Aggressor, blocker, dominator.

Factors That Contribute to the Role Individuals Adopt Within Groups

Personal Factors (CHEPSSS)
  • C – Cultural background
    • Influences values, communication styles, and role expectations.
  • H – Heredity
    • Genetics may affect personality traits and abilities.
  • E – Education
    • Knowledge and skill levels influence confidence and task roles.
  • P – Previous Experience
    • Past group involvement shapes future participation.
  • S – Sense of Belonging
    • Feeling connected can increase willingness to contribute.
  • S – Self-Esteem
    • Affects how actively a person engages in group activities.
  • S – Self-Confidence
    • High confidence can lead to leadership or active roles.
Social Factors (GRAM)
  • G – Gender Expectations
    • Society's views on gender roles can influence participation.
  • R – Relationship with Group Members
    • Stronger bonds can lead to more active or leadership roles.
  • A – Attitude of Group Members
    • Positive or negative peer interactions affect inclusion.
  • M – Media Influence
    • Shapes perceptions of roles, behavior, and self-image.

Power Bases (Types of Influence Within Groups)

  • Coercive
    • Based on fear or threats (e.g. punishment).
  • Legitimate
    • Comes from a formal position or title.
  • Expert
    • Based on knowledge or skill.
  • Referent
    • Based on respect, admiration, or popularity.
  • Reward
    • Based on the ability to give positive benefits.

Leadership Styles

  • Democratic
    • Involves group in decision-making; encourages participation.
  • Authoritarian
    • Leader makes decisions alone; clear direction but less input.
  • Laissez-Faire
    • Hands-off style; minimal guidance and supervision.
  • Transformational
    • Motivates and inspires group members to exceed expectations.