Mountains

<<%%What do old and young mountain tops look like?%%<<

@@Old mountains have been eroded and weathered over time making them more rounded, whereas young mountains have sharp peaks and steep slopes.@@

  • Anticline vs. Syncline

    • Anticline - a fold in the rock that bends upward into an arch
    • Syncline - a fold in the rock that bends downward to form a V shape
    • Both are seen in fold mountains
    • The upward part of the folded rock is called the

    syncline

    • The bottom of the fold is called the

    anticline

%%Faults%%

  • %%Faults%%: A large brittle fracture in a rock body

  • The point of origin for most earthquakes

    @@Folds@@

    • %%Fold%%: Where two or more of Earth's tectonic plates are pushed together

@@Fold Mountains@@

  • Fold Mountains are created when two plates ^^collide^^ with each other.
  • When two plates collide together, the heavier plate sinks .
  • The lighter plate then buckles upwards creating a fold mountain.
  • e.g The Andreas Mountains. The Nazca Plate (heavier) slipped under the South American Plate (lighter).

@@Fault Mountains@@

  • Fault mountains are formed when rock layers are pushed together and broken along a fault line
  • When two plates collide together, the heavier plate sinks .
  • The lighter plate then buckles upwards creating a fold mountain.
  • e.g The Andreas Mountains. The Nazca Plate (heavier) slipped under the South American Plate (lighter).
  1. \

Types of Plate Boundaries:

  • ^^Divergent Boundary^^****: plates that move apart.
    • Mid-ocean Ridges, Rift Valleys, Fissure Volcanoes
  • ^^Convergent Boundary:^^ occurs due to subduction. Plates move towards each other or pushed under another.
    • Also called “Destructive Boundaries” because plate materials is subducted.
    • Mountains and volcanoes
    • %%Three types of Convergent Boundary:%%
    • Oceanic–continental: subduction zone, deep ocean trenches. Stratovolcanoes and Volcanic Mts. on Land.
    • Oceanic –oceanic: Subduction zone. Deep Ocean Trenches, Island Arcs, Undersea Volcanism
    • Continental-continental: mountain ranges
  • ^^Transform Boundary:^^ plates slide past each other.
    • Creates fault valley or undersea canyon
    • Most earthquake occurs in this boundary.