Untitled Flashcards Set
Key Terms
Subsistence Farming
Cash Crop
Middle Passage
Triangular TradeSubsistence farming–producing just enough for your family to survive without leaving much left over. Examples?
Cash Crop–Crops primarily grown for market and profit. Examples?
Triangular Trade–Trade routes between Africa, Europe, and the Americas
Middle Passage–The voyage in which enslaved Africans were transported from Africa to the AmericasExport–to sell abroad. Example?
Import–to buy abroad. Example?From 1700 to mid-1770’s, the population in the colonies increased from 250,000 to 2.5 million (X10)!!!
Population of African Americans rose from 28,000 to 500,000 (almost X20)!Biggest City–Boston
Economy–Farming (main activity in all the colonies), shipbuilding, trade, mills for grinding lumber and grain, fishing
Other notes–Placed high value on education, involved and active local governmentsLargest cities–New York and Philadelphia
Economy–Cash crops like wheat (better soil, warmer climate than New England), trade, mining in NJ and PA,
Other characteristics–Large number of German immigrants moving here, especially PennsylvaniaThe Stamp Act was repealed in March of 1766
The same day the Stamp Act was repealed, the British government passed the Declaratory Act which stated Britain could tax the colonist however and wheneevr it wantedLargest cities–New York and Philadelphia
Economy–Cash crops like wheat (better soil, warmer climate than New England), trade, mining in NJ and PA,
Other characteristics–Large number of German immigrants moving here, especially PennsylvaniaLargest Cities–Savannah, Georgia and Charleston, South Carolina (both slave ports)
Economy– cash crops (rich soil, warm climate, and flat land to grow rice, tobacco, and cotton, but not yet), slave trade
Other characteristics–Appalachian Backcountry, huge plantations with hundreds of slaves, as well as many small farms with a few slaves and some with none.
Open up Google Maps The French/Indian war was part of a larger power struggle between France and Britain for resources, wealth, and power
In North America, this struggle pitted them against each other in the Ohio River Valley west of the Appalachian MountainsFrance–Profitable fur trade, religious missionary work
Britain–Fur trade, land
Because the French were more hands off, many Native American tribes assisted them in the warIroquois Confederacy will be pressured into supporting the British
Mohawk
Seneca
Cayuga
Onondaga
Oneida
But the French generally receive more help from Native American
Algonquin
Huron
Ojibwa
Lenape
ShawneeFollowing the French/Indian War the Proclamation of 1763 prohibited colonists from settling West of the Appalachian Mountains
It did NOT prohibit the British from operating in this regionThe Proclamation of 1763 had several advantages for the British
It allowed them to control colonial expansion into Native American land and avoid conflict
It kept colonists near the coasts which ensured there would always be a market for British goods
It allowed Britain to control fur trade on the frontierBritain believed the colonists should help pay the cost of the French/Indian War, so they issued new taxes on the colonies and began to enforce old ones more strictly Plan for tomorrow afternoon
Check homework
Do-Now–why were the colonists upset with the British following the French and Indian War?
Slideshow
Homework: Textbook page 125 2-6 and 7Why would colonists smuggle goods?
In 1763, British Prime Minister George Grenville will crack down on smuggling by forcing suspected smuggled to be tried in vice-admiralty courts
These courts were run by officers and did not have juries since American juries often found smugglers innocent Passed in 1764, the Sugar Act lowered the tax on imported molasses with the hope that colonists would pay the lower tax instead of smuggling
The Sugar Act also allowed British officers to seize goods from suspected smugglers without going to court
Passed in 1765, the Stamp Act placed a tax on nearly all printed material in the colonies including newspapers, wills, and playing cards
Authorized in 1767, the writs of assistance allowed officers to enter any location in search of smuggled goods
The Virginia House of Burgess passed a resolution–a formal expression of opinion–declaring it had “the only and sole exclusive right and power to lay taxes”
Sons of Liberty–in Boston Samuel Adams helped start an organization called the Sons of Liberty to protest the stamp act
Sons of Liberty burned effigies of the tax collectors and destroyed the homes of royal officials The Stamp Act Congress, consisting of representatives from nine colonies, met in October of 1765 and drafted a petition declaring that the colonies could only be taxed from their own assemblies The Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and other new laws angered colonists
They believed that Britain was interfering with their rights as English citizens
For example
The writs of assistance violated their right to be secure in their homes
Vice-admiralty courts violated their right to a jury trial and forced the colonists ti prove their innocence
The colonists were angered that these courts considered them guilty until proven innocent
Colonists believed the Stamp Act was wrong because it taxed them without their consent Passed in 1767, these acts taxed imported goods such as glass, tea, and paper with the taxes being paid at the ports when the goods arrive
Britain believed that the colonists wouldn’t mind this tax since it didn’t tax them directly
At this point, the colonists were angered by all British taxes, as the colonists believed Britain had not right to tax them
Colonists organized another boycott
Women’s organizations such as the Daughters of Liberty urged Americans to produce goods themselves to avoid paying the British tax