Roots and Stuff

1. a-, an- (not, without) – amoral, anarchy

2. ab-, abs- (away, from) – abstain, abnormal

3. ad- (to, toward) – adhere, admit

4. ante- (before) – antecedent, anteroom

5. anti- (against) – antibiotic, antidote

6. auto- (self) – autobiography, automatic

7. bene- (good, well) – beneficial, benevolent

8. bi- (two) – bilingual, bicycle

9. circum- (around) – circumference, circumvent

10. co-, com-, con- (with, together) – cooperate, compress, convene

11. contra-, counter- (against) – contradict, counteract

12. de- (down, away) – descend, deactivate

13. dis- (not, apart) – disagree, disprove

14. en-, em- (cause to) – enable, empower

15. ex-, e- (out, from) – exit, emit

16. hyper- (over, excessive) – hyperactive, hypersensitive

17. hypo- (under, below) – hypothermia, hypodermic

18. in-, im-, il-, ir- (not) – inactive, impossible, illegal, irregular

19. inter- (between) – interact, international

20. intra- (within) – intramural, intravenous

21. mal-, mis- (bad) – malfunction, misinterpret

22. mono- (one) – monologue, monochrome

23. multi- (many) – multitask, multilingual

24. non- (not) – nonsense, nonverbal

25. omni- (all) – omniscient, omnipresent

26. post- (after) – postpone, postwar

27. pre- (before) – preview, precede

28. pro- (forward, for) – progress, promote

29. re- (again, back) – return, revise

30. sub- (under) – submarine, subordinate

31. super- (above, beyond) – superhuman, supernatural

32. trans- (across) – transport, transfer

33. un- (not) – uncertain, unaware

34. uni- (one) – unify, unilateral

35. aqua (water) – aquatic, aquarium

36. bio (life) – biology, biography

37. chron (time) – chronological, synchronize

38. cred (believe) – credible, incredible

39. dict (say) – dictate, contradict

40. duc, duct (lead) – conduct, educate

41. geo (earth) – geography, geology

42. graph (write) – autograph, biography

43. log, logy (study of) – biology, logic

44. man (hand) – manual, manufacture

45. path (feeling, suffering) – sympathy, pathology

46. port (carry) – transport, export

47. scrib, script (write) – describe, manuscript

48. spect (see) – inspect, spectator

49. struct (build) – construct, infrastructure

50. vid, vis (see) – video, vision

Noun Suffixes (Person, Thing, or Concept)

1. -acy (state, quality) – democracy, literacy

2. -al (act, process) – refusal, proposal

3. -ance, -ence (state, quality) – performance, persistence

4. -dom (place, state) – freedom, kingdom

5. -er, -or (one who) – teacher, actor

6. -ism (doctrine, belief) – capitalism, realism

7. -ist (one who practices) – artist, biologist

8. -ity, -ty (quality of) – clarity, unity

9. -ment (action, process) – movement, achievement

10. -ness (state of being) – happiness, kindness

11. -ship (position, state) – leadership, friendship

12. -tion, -sion (act, process) – revolution, decision

Verb Suffixes (Action, Process)

13. -ate (to make) – activate, regulate

14. -en (to make) – strengthen, widen

15. -ify, -fy (to make) – justify, simplify

16. -ize, -ise (to make) – realize, organize

Adjective Suffixes (Describing Words)

17. -able, -ible (capable of) – capable, flexible

18. -al (relating to) – natural, practical

19. -esque (style of) – picturesque, statuesque

20. -ful (full of) – hopeful, joyful

21. -ic, -ical (relating to) – scientific, historical

22. -ious, -ous (full of) – gracious, cautious

23. -ive (tending toward) – active, creative

24. -less (without) – careless, fearless

25. -y (characterized by) – happy, sleepy

Adverb Suffixes (Manner, How Something is Done)

26. -ly (in a certain way) – quickly, slowly

27. -ward, -wards (direction) – forward, backwards

28. -wise (in relation to) – clockwise, otherwise