Counseling African Americans

People-First Language

  • client living with depression vs. client is depressed

Mental Health Stigma

  • negative reactions that ppl may experience after revealing they have a mental health disorder or have sought help for their mental health → public stigma

  • private stigma - rooted in how ppl view themselves for seeking treatment or experiencing mental health issues

What can mental health stigma look like in Black communities?

  • “we don’t suffer from mental illness”

    • stems from immunity hypothesis

  • “i’m strong enough to handle it on my own”

  • “our ancestors have been through much worse”

    • this does not mean Black communities don’t experience trauma from racism & oppression that is happening in the present-day

  • “keep it inside the family”

    • stems from misdiagnosis & overdiagnosis historically and in the present

    • meant to be protective but may not be anymore

  • “if i go to therapy, i don’t have enough faith”

Where did stigma come from in Black communities?

  • immunity hypothesis (1700s-1840s) - stated that enslaved ppl of African descent could not experience mental illness because they did not have the “stresses of profit making” (e.g., owning property or voting)

  • exaggerated risk hypothesis - claim made by 1840 census that free Black people experienced higher rates of mental illness

  • physicians were encouraged to argue that black people had more & different mental health issues from White people

    • drapetomania - disease causing enslaved Africans to run away

    • dysaethesis aethiopica - a disease affecting both the mind & body and causing lethargy and lesions

Promoting Resilience

How does stigma impact African American’s ability to receive mental health support?

  • stops them from reaching out

How can we shift the narrative about mental health?

  • in African American communities

    • dispel myths about mental health & therapy

    • normalize talking about your mental health & seeking help with your loved ones

    • talk about it as if you were talking about going to a physical wellness visit

  • in mental healthcare systems

    • access to quality appropriate and culturally responsive mental health care

    • building trust with Black communities

    • community-based treatment options

    • models of care that center Black experiences

    • create a pipeline of training Black mental health professionals and hiring them into the field AND leadership positions