Back Muscles

thrombos major, thrombos minor (extrinsic group),

Muscle Groups: flexion (bilateral)-muscles anterior to the spine, rectus abdominis and psaos major

extension (bilateral)-muscles posterior to the spine, erector spinae

bilaterally mean both have to contract together to perform action

rotation (unilateral)-muscles with oblique fibre orientation, external oblique, internal oblique(opposite side) and erector spinae

lateral flexion (unilateral)-erector spinae, external and internal oblique

Anterior Abdominal Wall Muscles

-3 large and flat muscles with different fibre orientation

-rectus abdominis

-anterior flexion, lateral flexion and rotation if the trunk

Posterior Abdominal Wall Muscles

-3 main muscles: illiacus, psoas major, quadratus lumborum

-anterior flexion (psoas) and lateral flexion of the spine

split into three columns which form erector spinae

Clinical Anatomy of the Back