T2.1 Nature of Electric Charges & T2.2 Conductors and Insulators
Main Key Topics and Definitions/Examples
Static Electricity
Definition: The accumulation of electric charge on an object's surface.
Example: Rubbing a balloon on your hair causes it to stick due to static charge.
Electric Charges
Definition: Physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
Example: Protons carry a positive charge, electrons carry a negative charge.
Conductors and Insulators
Conductors: Materials that allow the free flow of electric current (e.g., copper, aluminum).
Insulators: Materials that do not allow electric current to pass through (e.g., rubber, glass).
Semiconductors: Materials that have properties of both conductors and insulators (e.g., silicon).
Electrostatic Forces
Definition: The forces between charged objects which can be attractive or repulsive.
Example: Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract.
Matter and Its Composition
Definition: Anything that occupies space and has mass. Composed of atoms, which include protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Example: A piece of wood is considered matter as it occupies space and has mass.