Anatomy Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms
Anatomical Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms (A – C)
a-, a-
Etymological Origin:
a-Primary Meaning: without
Example Terminology: avascular
aer-
Etymological Origin:
aerosPrimary Meaning: air
Example Terminology: aerobic metabolism
-algia
Etymological Origin:
algosPrimary Meaning: pain
Example Terminology: neuralgia
arter-
Etymological Origin:
arteriaPrimary Meaning: artery
Example Terminology: arterial
arthro-
Etymological Origin:
arthrosPrimary Meaning: joint
Example Terminology: arthroscopy
auto-
Etymological Origin:
autoPrimary Meaning: self
Example Terminology: autonomic
bio-
Etymological Origin:
biosPrimary Meaning: life
Example Terminology: biology
-blast
Etymological Origin:
blastosPrimary Meaning: germ
Example Terminology: osteoblast
bronch-
Etymological Origin:
bronchusPrimary Meaning: windpipe, airway
Example Terminology: bronchial
cardi-, cardio-, -cardia
Etymological Origin:
kardiaPrimary Meaning: heart
Example Terminology: cardiac, cardiopulmonary
cerebr-
Etymological Origin:
cerebrumPrimary Meaning: brain
Example Terminology: cerebral hemispheres
cervic-
Etymological Origin:
cervicisPrimary Meaning: neck
Example Terminology: cervical vertebrae
chondro-
Etymological Origin:
chondrosPrimary Meaning: cartilage
Example Terminology: chondrocyte
cranio-
Etymological Origin:
craniumPrimary Meaning: skull
Example Terminology: craniosacral
cyt-, cyto-
Etymological Origin:
kytosPrimary Meaning: a hollow cell
Example Terminology: cytology, cytokine
Anatomical Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms (D – H)
derm-
Etymological Origin:
dermaPrimary Meaning: skin
Example Terminology: dermatome
-ectomy
Etymological Origin:
ektomePrimary Meaning: excision
Example Terminology: appendectomy
end-, endo-
Etymological Origin:
endonPrimary Meaning: within
Example Terminology: endergonic, endometrium
epi-
Etymological Origin:
epiPrimary Meaning: on
Example Terminology: epimysium
ex-
Etymological Origin:
exPrimary Meaning: out of, away from
Example Terminology: exocytosis
hemo-
Etymological Origin:
haimaPrimary Meaning: blood
Example Terminology: hemopoiesis
hemi-
Etymological Origin:
hemiPrimary Meaning: one-half
Example Terminology: hemisphere
histo-
Etymological Origin:
histosPrimary Meaning: tissue
Example Terminology: histology
homo-
Etymological Origin:
homosPrimary Meaning: same
Example Terminology: homozygous
hyper-
Etymological Origin:
hyperPrimary Meaning: above
Example Terminology: hyperpolarization
hypo-
Etymological Origin:
hypoPrimary Meaning: under
Example Terminology: hypothyroid
Anatomical Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms (I – O)
inter-
Etymological Origin:
interPrimary Meaning: between
Example Terminology: interventricular
iso-
Etymological Origin:
isosPrimary Meaning: equal
Example Terminology: isotonic
leuk-, leuko-
Etymological Origin:
leukosPrimary Meaning: white
Example Terminology: leukemia, leukocyte
lyso-, -lysis, -lyze
Etymological Origin:
lysisPrimary Meaning: a loosening
Example Terminology: hydrolysis
meso-
Etymological Origin:
mesosPrimary Meaning: middle
Example Terminology: mesoderm
micr-
Etymological Origin:
mikrosPrimary Meaning: small
Example Terminology: microscope
morph-, morpho-
Etymological Origin:
morphePrimary Meaning: form
Example Terminology: morphology, morphotype
myo-
Etymological Origin:
mysPrimary Meaning: muscle
Example Terminology: myofilament
nephr-
Etymological Origin:
nephrosPrimary Meaning: kidney
Example Terminology: nephron
neur-, neuri-, neuro-
Etymological Origin:
neuronPrimary Meaning: nerve
Example Terminology: neural, neurilemma, neuromuscular
-ology
Etymological Origin:
logosPrimary Meaning: the study of
Example Terminology: physiology
-osis
Etymological Origin:
-osisPrimary Meaning: state, condition
Example Terminology: neurosis
ost-, oste-, osteo-
Etymological Origin:
osteonPrimary Meaning: bone
Example Terminology: osteal, ostealgia, osteocyte
oto-
Etymological Origin:
otikosPrimary Meaning: ear
Example Terminology: otolith
Anatomical Word Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms (P – V)
path-, -pathy, patho-
Etymological Origin:
pathosPrimary Meaning: disease
Example Terminology: pathergy, idiopathy, pathogenesis
peri-
Etymological Origin:
periPrimary Meaning: around
Example Terminology: perineurium
phago-
Etymological Origin:
phagoPrimary Meaning: to eat
Example Terminology: phagocyte
-phil, -philia
Etymological Origin:
philoPrimary Meaning: love
Example Terminology: neutrophil, hemophilia
-phot, -photo
Etymological Origin:
phosPrimary Meaning: light
Example Terminology: photalgia, photoreceptor
physio-
Etymological Origin:
physisPrimary Meaning: nature
Example Terminology: physiology
pre-
Etymological Origin:
praePrimary Meaning: before
Example Terminology: precapillary sphincter
pulmo-
Etymological Origin:
pulmoPrimary Meaning: lung
Example Terminology: pulmonary
retro-
Etymological Origin:
retroPrimary Meaning: backward
Example Terminology: retroperitoneal
sarco-
Etymological Origin:
sarkosPrimary Meaning: flesh
Example Terminology: sarcomere
scler-, sclero-
Etymological Origin:
sklerosPrimary Meaning: hard
Example Terminology: sclera, sclerosis
-scope
Etymological Origin:
skopeoPrimary Meaning: to view
Example Terminology: colonoscope
sub-
Etymological Origin:
subPrimary Meaning: below
Example Terminology: subcutaneous
super-
Etymological Origin:
superPrimary Meaning: above or beyond
Example Terminology: superficial
-trophy
Etymological Origin:
trophePrimary Meaning: nourishment
Example Terminology: atrophy
vas-
Etymological Origin:
vasPrimary Meaning: vessel
Example Terminology: vascular