contempt of court
happens when someone risks unfairly influencing a court case. it may stop somebody from getting a fair trial & can affect the trial’s outcome
e.g. jury deliberations - disclosure of information, unreasonable behaviour in court, newspapers prejudicing a fair trial
~ Sunday Times v UK - a UK injunction against publishing an article on thalidomide children violated A10, as it was not "necessary in a democratic society”
Contempt of court Act 1981
~ s1 - does the article threaten a particular case
~ s2(3) - is the article written in the active period
criminal cases - active from time of arrest until verdict - reactivates if theres an appeal
civil cases -
~ s2(2) - does the article create a substantial risk of serious prejudice to the trial / case - factors:
. words used
. proximity of the article to the trial
. pictures used
. profile of the person named in the article
. circulation
AG v News Group Newspapers -
media prejudicing a fair trial
AG v English - The court emphasised that the right to a fair trial is paramount and that the media must exercise restraint in reporting on ongoing trials to avoid prejudicing the jury
contempt of court is there to strike a balance between:
a persons right to be treated fairly in court
a journalists right to report what is happening in the world