testing knowt

In 1948, the National Party won the general election with DF Malan as prime minister. In 1949, the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act was passed. In 1950, the Immorality Act was passed. In 1950, the Population Registration Act was passed. In 1950, the Group Areas Act was passed. In 1950, the Suppression of Communism Act was passed. In 1951, the Separate Representation of Voters Act was passed. In 1951, the Bantu Authorities Act was passed. In 1952, the Native Laws Amendment Act was passed. In 1952, the Pass Laws Act was passed. In 1953, the Bantu Education Act was passed. In 1953, the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act was passed. In 1953, DF Malan retires and JG Strijdom is elected prime minister. In 1955, the government begins forced removals. In 1958, Strijdom dies and HF Verwoerd is elected prime minister. In 1959, the Extension of University Education Act was passed. In 1959, the Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act was passed. In 1963, the Transkei Act is passed. 

Petty apartheid ensured the complete domination of white people, and was often fussy, separating people in public spaces. Grand apartheid had the goal of complete territorial segregation with independence for nations containing entirely separate nations. 

The Race Classification Board introduced bizarre measures to determining one’s race, including skull measurements, linguistics tests, and the infamous “pencil” test. 

A person’s entire fate relied on the Race Classification Board and what they determined.  

The Immorality Act was enforced intrusively. White people would still get far less punishment than their partners of color would.  

The Reservation of Separate Amenities Act created completely separate spaces, including entrances or serving counters, furthering the segregation that already had existed. This act also gave the best amenities to white people, where beforehand the amenities were equal where segregation existed. People of color would be arrested if they used whites-only facilities.  

The Group Areas Act reserved city centers for white people even if black people worked in these places. This created townships. It was based on the racist idea that Africans were a rural people. This was the basis of the Sauer Report in 1947, concluding that all Africans belonged in native reserves and they were only tolerated if they were useful for the economy. The Group Areas Act targeted Indian and Colored people before 1955, but the Natives Resettlement Act of 1954 and the Group Areas Development Act of 1955 armed the government and allowed them to force Africans out of urban areas. Exceptions to this act were allowed as long as they benefitted white people. 

Townships and shantytowns had a lot of criminal activity due to the disruption of lives and the lack of support networks. 

The Bantu Education Act made schools accept students of one race only with few exceptions. Each curriculum was tailored to what the authorities believed was “right” for each race. They tried to foster a tribal identity while also stressing the importance of Christianity. This was extended to universities in 1959. 

Bantustans began with the Bantu Authorities Act, which created regional authorities on reserves. The Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act gave each reserve and African “ethnic group” a white commissioner who would help them become an individual nation. In 1970, all Africans were declared sovereign of Bantustans and stripped them of their South African citizenship, making their labor cheap and making them afraid of constant deportation.