Solar System

• solar system is 5 × 10^9 years old

• earth is 4.5 × 10^9 years old

• humans are 50,000 years old, nomads → agricultural

Sun

• nearest star, most well studied

Earth:

• strong magnetic field, works to deflect solar winds

• plasma - gas that consists mostly of ions

Nuclear Fission - split of an atom into 2 small atoms

Nuclear Fusion - 2 small atoms form a bigger atom

E = mc²

4 protons can be converted to 1 helium atom + energy

min temp = 10 × 10⁸ K

Hydrogen → Helium = proton to proton chain (nuclear fusion)sz

Density = amount of stuff in a given space

Temperature = measure of how fast particles are moving

Contracting gasses heat up, expanding gases cool down: consequences of the ideal gas law

If the core got bigger, the sun would expand, expanding gases cool down, lower temperature in the center, less energy, less moving around of the particles, pressure is lowered