Семинар (1)

Seminar on Therapeutic Nutrition

Conducted by: Associate Prof. Dr. Lili Grudeva, MD, MU-Varna

Body Mass Calculation Formulas

Broca's Formula

  • Height (in cm) - 100

Lorenz Formula

  • Height (in cm) - 100

Brugch Formula

  • For height 155-165 cm: Height (in cm) - 100

  • For height 165-175 cm: Height (in cm) - 105

  • For height above 175 cm: Height (in cm) - 110

Body Mass Index (BMI) Calculation

Formula

  • BMI = Body mass (in kg) / Height (in m)²

Degrees of Obesity

  • Underweight: < 15 kg/m²

  • Normal weight: 19 - 24.9 kg/m²

  • Overweight: 25 - 29 kg/m²

  • Obesity: 30 - 39 kg/m²

  • Severe obesity: > 40 kg/m²

Essential and Additional Nutrients

Essential Nutrients

  • Proteins

  • Carbohydrates

  • Fats

Additional Nutrients

  • Water

  • Minerals

  • Microelements

  • Vitamins

  • Fibers

Energy Composition of Nutrients

Nutrient

kJ/g

kcal/g

Proteins

17

4

Fats

37

9

Carbohydrates

17

4

Fibers

8

2

Alcohol

29

7

Dietary Requirements

Nutritional Ratios

  • B: M: V = 1:1:4 (in grams)

  • B: M: V = 1:2:3 (in calories)

Healthy Eating Weekly Menu

  • 2 days – meat

  • 2 days – fish

  • 2 days – vegetarian

  • 1 day – legumes

  • Total 2500 kcal/day

Meal Regimen

Four Meals a Day

  • Breakfast: 15%

  • Snacks: 20%

  • Lunch: 35%

  • Dinner: 30%

Meal Intervals

  • 3 to 5 hours

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Monday

  1. Breakfast: Rose hip tea, 1 boiled egg, cheese, butter

  2. Lunch: Borscht, beef with tomatoes, carrot and cabbage salad, fruit compote

  3. Snack: Sugar-free strudel

  4. Dinner: Mish-mash, cucumber salad, apple

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Tuesday

  1. Breakfast: Low-fat milk, beef salami, unsalted olives

  2. Lunch: Tarator, grilled meatballs with potato garnish, tomato and cucumber salad, apple

  3. Snack: Sugar-free caramel cream

  4. Dinner: Boiled chicken with pickled mushrooms, cabbage and carrot salad, baked pumpkin

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Wednesday

  1. Breakfast: Yogurt, cheese pie

  2. Lunch: Green bean soup, schnitzel with tomato-onion garnish, cucumber salad, compote

  3. Snack: Fruit cream

  4. Dinner: Grilled skewers, mashed potatoes, yogurt

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Thursday

  1. Breakfast: Green tea, sandwich with cottage cheese and tomatoes

  2. Lunch: Chicken noodle soup, moussaka, radish and carrot salad, baked pumpkin

  3. Snack: 1 boiled egg, 1 tomato

  4. Dinner: Bell peppers stuffed with cheese, cucumber salad, apple

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Friday

  1. Breakfast: Low-fat milk, poultry ham, butter

  2. Lunch: Spinach soup, beef stew, cucumber salad, apple

  3. Snack: Cheese pie with cheese

  4. Dinner: Cheese omelet, tomato salad, 1 green apple

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Saturday

  1. Breakfast: Black tea, melted cheese, olives

  2. Lunch: Meatball soup, baked fish, potato and onion salad, fruit pie

  3. Snack: Ham sandwich

  4. Dinner: Grilled meatballs with cabbage and carrot garnish, tomato salad, fruit gel

Weekly Menu for Type II Diabetes - Sunday

  1. Breakfast: Yogurt, 1 boiled egg, butter, cheese

  2. Lunch: Vegetable broth, grilled pork steak with green beans garnish, tomato salad, cheese pancakes

  3. Snack: Sour cream

  4. Dinner: Grilled chicken with spinach puree, roasted pepper salad, yogurt

Weekly Menu Analysis for Type II Diabetes - Nutrient Breakdown

  • Butter: 10g

  • Salad oil: 20g

  • Bread: 120-150g/day (30-40g per meal)

  • B: 100g - 20% energy

  • M: 72.5g - 32.5% energy

  • V: 240g - 47.5% energy

  • Total: 2012 kcal; 8450 kJ

Meal Regimen for Chronic Gastritis and PUD

Five Meals a Day

  • Breakfast: 15%

  • Mid-Morning Snack: 10%

  • Lunch: 35%

  • Afternoon Snack: 15%

  • Dinner: 25%

Meal Intervals

  • 3 hours

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Monday

  1. Breakfast: Herbal tea, unsalted cheese, butter, fresh vegetable (100g)

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Fresh fruit jelly

  3. Lunch: Cream soup, chicken meatballs with tomato salad, baked apples

  4. Afternoon Snack: Sesame tahini halva

  5. Dinner: Panagyurishki eggs, tomato salad, sterilized fruit puree

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Tuesday

  1. Breakfast: Yogurt, Viennese cheese roll

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Fruit salad

  3. Lunch: Slimy rice soup, chicken meat with celery, roasted pepper salad, pear

  4. Afternoon Snack: Dairy pudding

  5. Dinner: Roasted chicken with dairy salad garnish, fruit jelly

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Wednesday

  1. Breakfast: Herbal tea, warm cheese sandwich

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Milk with rice (semolina)

  3. Lunch: Milk soup with couscous, chicken with sautéed vegetables, cucumber salad, strawberry jelly

  4. Afternoon Snack: Ayran

  5. Dinner: Curds meatballs and carrot salad, yogurt

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Thursday

  1. Breakfast: Noodles with cheese

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Lemon cream with cream

  3. Lunch: Cream soup of zucchini, peppers stuffed with cheese, mixed salad, fruit salad

  4. Afternoon Snack: Oatmeal

  5. Dinner: Chicken with brown rice (baked), cucumber salad, fruit mousse

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Friday

  1. Breakfast: Fresh milk, chicken ham, butter

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Peach (apricot) jelly

  3. Lunch: Slimy wheat soup, oven-baked fish with potato salad, caramel cream

  4. Afternoon Snack: Rice pudding with fruit

  5. Dinner: Omelet with beef, red beet salad, fruit salad

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Saturday

  1. Breakfast: Oatmeal

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Baked pumpkin or baked apple

  3. Lunch: Cream soup of vegetables, moussaka with meat and potatoes, dairy salad, peach puree

  4. Afternoon Snack: Dairy pastry

  5. Dinner: Steamed meatballs with celery salad and drained yogurt, strawberry or raspberry jelly

Weekly Menu for Chronic Gastritis and PUD - Sunday

  1. Breakfast: Herbal tea, cream cheese, biscuits

  2. Mid-Morning Snack: Dairy malabi or fresh fruit (banana or baked apple, pumpkin)

  3. Lunch: Tarator with grated cucumber or vegetable cream soup, sarmas in vine leaves, milk cream

  4. Afternoon Snack: 1 boiled egg

  5. Dinner: Moussaka with meat and potatoes or zucchini, yogurt

Weekly Menu Nutritional Analysis for Chronic Gastritis and PUD

  • Herbal tea: rose hip, mint, linden, lemon balm.

  • Salad seasoning: lemon in small amounts.

  • Bread: 150-250g/day.

  • B: 117g (J: 65g) M: 110g (P: 35g) V: 398g (Sugar: 40g)

  • Total: 2250 kcal

Meal Regimen for Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) Hypertension

Four Meals a Day

  • Breakfast: 15%

  • Mid-Morning Snack: 20%

  • Lunch: 35%

  • Dinner: 30%

Meal Intervals

  • 4 hours

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Monday

  1. Breakfast: Yogurt, 1 boiled egg, honey

  2. Lunch: Vegetable soup, grilled meatballs with sautéed potatoes, cabbage salad, grapes (jam)

  3. Afternoon Snack: Apple

  4. Dinner: Spinach with rice, yogurt

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Tuesday

  1. Breakfast: Rose hip tea, diet cottage cheese, butter, tahini halva

  2. Lunch: Green pea soup, meat with potatoes, red cabbage salad, apple

  3. Afternoon Snack: Oatmeal cream

  4. Dinner: Moussaka with potatoes, yogurt

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Wednesday

  1. Breakfast: Yogurt, biscuits, cream, apricot jam

  2. Lunch: Carrot and celery soup, goulash with meat, cream pie

  3. Afternoon Snack: Savory muffin with whole grain flour

  4. Dinner: Grilled fish with potato puree, fruit salad

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Thursday

  1. Breakfast: Coffee, fresh milk, rusk, honey

  2. Lunch: Green bean soup, boiled meat schnitzel, red beet garnish, baked pineapple (pumpkin)

  3. Afternoon Snack: Apple

  4. Dinner: Chicken with rice, yogurt

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Friday

  1. Breakfast: Lime tea, 1 boiled egg, butter, cherry jam

  2. Lunch: Meatballs soup, peppers stuffed with rice and minced meat, yogurt

  3. Afternoon Snack: Fresh cheese (unsalted)

  4. Dinner: Stewed rabbit meat with carrots, apples

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Saturday

  1. Breakfast: Bran cake, yogurt

  2. Lunch: Vegetarian borscht, grilled chicken with potato and onion garnish, apple

  3. Afternoon Snack: Curd, tomatoes

  4. Dinner: Grilled beef, mixed salad, yogurt

Weekly Menu for CVD and Hypertension - Sunday

  1. Breakfast: Fresh milk, stuffed raw tomatoes with cream cheese

  2. Lunch: Chicken soup, steamed fish with potato garnish, rose hip jam

  3. Afternoon Snack: Apple

  4. Dinner: Panagyurishki eggs, dairy salad with celery, apple.