Protein Synthesis

Reason:
  • To create proteins where the body needs to do anything in the body. Proteins are the work horses of the cells.
2 main steps:
  • Transcription
  • Translation
Transcription: DNA codes for mRNA strand
  1. helicase splits DNA strand
  2. RNA polymerase attaches to the TATA box
  3. RNA polymerase adds free floating mRNA nucleotides to the mRNA strand

   

  1. complementary base pairing
    1. The newly formed mRNA strand leaves the nucleus and the DNA gets reformed in the double helix
Translation: RNA strand codes for amino acids in the cytoplasm

  1. mRNA attaches to the ribosome

  2. tRNA brings the amino acid and matches with mRNA in ribosome

   

  1. the codon on mRNA matches with anti-codon on tRNA(3 nucleotides)
    1. When codon/anti-codon bind it releases amino acids
    2. Amino-acids bind to other amino-acids to form a polypeptide chain which gets released from the ribosome and gets released from the ribosome and gets into protein folding.
    3. When the top codon gets released from the ribosome and gets into protein folding.