MIS Exam 1

CHAPTER ONE

  • in-class assignment and homework one — access

    • views, datasheet view, design view, and SQL view

  • for the slides (1-31)

    • slide 3 and 4

      • the laws —

        • bells law - highly successful business could be bankrupt quickly because technology changed, and it didnt.

        • moores law - the number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip, 2x(18 month)

        • metcalfes law- value of a network = # of users connected

        • nielsens law- network connects speeds for high end users increases 50% per year

        • Kryders Law- storage density on magnetic disk increases exponentially

    • slide 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13

      • summary of the skills

        • abstract reasoning - construct a model or representation

        • systems thinking- model system components and show how components inputs and outputs relate to one another

        • collaboration- develop and planning with others, provide and receive critical feedback

        • ability to experiment- Create and test promising new alternatives

      • then a deeper dive into the skills

    • slide 15

      • definition of MIS and IS

        • MIS- management and use of information systems that help organizations achieve their strategies

        • IS- hardware, software, data, procedures, and people together to produce information

    • slide 17 and 18

      • five components of information systems

        • hardware, software, data, procedures, and people

      • IT and how its related to IS (IT, plus procedures and people, is IS)

        • IT drives development of IS

        • IT is hardware, software, data

    • slide 21 and 22

      • the five components and their relationship to eachother

        • hardware and people are actors

        • softwares and procedures are the instructions

        • data is the bridger between computer side and human side

      • we cannot buy information systems, but we can buy IT. Procedures are specific to companies and firms

    • slide 24

      • information data

        • information is knowledge derived from data

        • data is recorded facts or figures

    • slide 26

      • a graph is not information, its how you present the data

      • the interpretation of the graph is information perceived by people

    • slide 27

      • characteristics of data

        • accurate

        • timely

        • relevant

        • just sufficient

        • and worth it’s cost

CHAPTER TWO

  • for the slides (1-23)

    • slide 3

      • covers five-force model, the graph

        • industry structure (rivalry, threat of substitutes, bargaining customers) →

        • competitive strategy →

        • value chains →

        • business processes →

        • information systems (is)

    • slide 5, 6, 7 and 8

      • summary of the five forces

        • bargaining power of customers- strong force is a big company purchasing a lot from you, weak force is your ability to change rules and procedures at university.

        • threat of substitutions- weak force is when your product is completely unique, strong force example is the frequent travelers choice of auto rental

        • bargaining power of suppliers- strong force would be new car dealers who control the true price, weak force would be anyone with an oversupply who makes their own product more affordable

        • threat of new entrants- strong force is easy to replicate, weak is anything tightly controlled or specified.

        • rivalry- strong force has many other similar stores, weak force is expensive to develop and unlikely to be chosen over a main stream one

      • summary of competitive strategies


        cost

        differentiation

        Industry-wide

        lowest cost across industry

        better product/service across the industry

        focus

        lowest cost within an industry segment

        better product/service within an industry segment

      • memorize what the support activities are, primary activities are directly related to the end products.

        • procurement (managing supplier relationships)

          • procurement is the in-between of acquiring part then producing something with that

        • technology (investigating new designs)

          • producing something then shipping it requires technology

        • human resources (hire & support employees

          • shipping is only done with marketing and selling drones, which HR oversees

        • firm infrastructure (manage company resources)

          • after marketing, when sales are made we must service customers (where firm infrastructure comes in)

      • five primary activities

        • inbound logistics - receiving, storing, and disseminating inputs to the products

        • operations/manufacturing- transforming inputs into the final products

        • outbound logistics- collecting, storing, and physically distributing the products to buyers

        • sales and marketing- inducing buyers to purchase the products and providing means for them to do so

        • customer service- assisting customers use of the products and thus maintaining and enhancing products values

    • slide 14 and 15

      • ideas on how to generate competitive advantage

        • product implementations like creating a new one or enhancing a current products → process implementations like locking in suppliers, buyers, customers, raising barriers to enter the market, reducing costs, and establishing alliances

CHAPTER THREE

  • In-class activity 2 & 3 and HW 2 & 3

    • pivot table

      • dimensions = columns + rows

      • measures = numbers in the table

    • chart

    • regression (under data → data analysis)

  • for the slides (1-28)

    • slide 3

      • data, process the data for knowledge, then deliver data to employees

        • data includes social data, purchased data

        • it then is processes by business intelligence application

        • which is then business intelligence transferred to workers

    • slide 5

      • activities in the business intelligence process

        • starts with data sources (social data, purchased data, etc.)

        • once data is acquired we cleanse, organize and relate, then catalog

        • analysis on data is performed: data mining, reporting, bug data, ai, machine learning all perform analysis

        • then results are published: print, web servers, report serves, knowledge management systems or to content management systems

    • slide 7

      • data is stored in data warehouse (database and meta data)

      • before that you pre-process (or clean) the data (internal, external, and operational data)

    • slide 9 and 10

      • data warehouse is the whole company and data mart stores data

        • web sales data mart

        • store sales data mart

        • inventory data mart

        • all come from data warehouse

    • slide 11 and 12

      • summary of business intelligence techniques

        • reporting- create information abt past performances

          • process structured data by sorting, grouping summing, filtering, and formatting

        • data mining- classify and predict

          • use sophisticated statistical techniques to find patterns and relationships

        • big data- find patterns and relationships in big data

          • volume. velocity, and variety force use of MR techniques

      • RFM analysis

        • Recent - how recently a customer ordered

        • Frequently- how frequent

        • Money- how much money was spent

    • slide 17 and 18

      • unsupervised data (ex. cluster analysis)

        • does not use a priori hypothesis or model, findings obtained solely by data analysis

      • supervised data (ex. regression analysis)

        • uses a priori model, prediction such as the regression analysis

    • slide 19 and 20

      • The three V’s for BIG data

        • Huge Volume

        • Rapid Velocity

        • Great Variety

      • map-reduce method to handle big data

        • MR takes the search log and splits it into log segments where then the map phase processes and gives the reduce phase.

    • slide 21 and 22

      • Hadoop is used to process big data

        • open source program

        • manages thousands of computers

        • includes the query language names Pig

      • definition of Ai

        • ability of a machine to simulate human abilities such as vision, communication, recognition, learning, and decision making, in order to achieve a goal

    • slide 26 and 27

      • three stages of AI evolution

        • weak AI- only focuses on a single task

        • strong AI- equal to human intelligence for any task

        • super intelligence- more advanced than human intelligence

      • the turing test

        • a test of a machines ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to a human

    CHAPTER FOUR

    • slide 3, 4, 5

      • what is CPU

        • The central processing unit is the brain of the info system

        • works in conjunction with main memory (RAM)

        • CPU reads data and instructions from memory and stores results

      • what is volatile and non volatile

        • volatile means when you exit the data is stores

        • non-volatile refreshes the data after every use

      • the types of hardware

        • personal computer (PC)

        • Tablet (including e-book readers)

        • Phablet

        • Smartphone

        • Server

        • Server Farm

    • slide 7

      • definition of “internet of things”

        • internet of things is the idea that objects are connected to the internet so they can interact with other devices, applications and services

    • slide 9, 10, 11, and 12

      • storage, smallest unit is 1 bit (storing one value, either 1 or 0)

      • 1 byte = 8 bits (and other units) — remember megabyte — and petabyte (the unit for big data)

      • disk capacity storage is measured by terabytes, CPU speeds common unit is gigahertz

      • three terms of realities, and what it means

        • Augmented reality- alters reality by overlaying digital stuff over real world objects

        • Mixed reality- combines the real physical world with interactive virtual images

        • Virtual Reality- completely computer generated virtual world with interactive digital objects

    • slide 16, 17, 18

      • operating system and application programs for client vs server

        • client op system- program that control the client computer resources

        • client application program- application processed on client computer

        • server op system- program that controls the server computers resources

        • server application program- processed on server computer

      • licensing options = paid or free

        • license- right to use specific number of copies (fee)

        • site license- flat fee to install software product

        • open source- no license fee

      • horizontal application can be used by all companies,

      • vertical applications are for specific industries,

      • one-of a kind is for one institution

    • slide 21

      • remember the difference between native and web applications

        • as a user native applications are dependent on their operating system

        • web applications are independent.