Blended Refrigerants: Temperature Glide, Bubble/Dew Points, and P-T Chart

Blended Refrigerants vs Single-Component

  • Single-component refrigerants have a fixed boiling point. Heating a subcooled liquid to its boiling point shows a flat region where liquid changes to vapor; until all liquid is vapor, then the vapor can be superheated.
  • Blended refrigerants have no fixed boiling point. They exhibit temperature glide: boiling begins at the component with the lowest boiling point and occurs over a range of temperatures, not at a single point.
  • Glide range can vary widely depending on the blend: from as little as 2F2^\circ F up to 14F14^\circ F (or more in some blends).
  • Key terms: bubble point (start of boiling for subcooled liquid) and dew point (temperature at which vapor would begin to condense back to liquid).
  • Bubble point and dew point define the boiling/condensing range for blends, unlike a single-component refrigerant which has a fixed boiling point.

Bubble Point and Dew Point

  • Bubble point: the temperature where subcooled liquid first begins to boil; used for subcooling measurements.
  • Dew point: the temperature where vapor would begin to turn into liquid when cooling; used for superheat measurements.
  • For blended refrigerants, dew point and bubble point correspond to different ends of the boiling range.
  • Dew point is associated with lower temperatures (low-side measurements); bubble point with higher temperatures (high-side measurements).

Using the P–T Chart for Subcooling and Superheat

  • The chart shows saturation pressures for a given temperature; the x-axis lists refrigerants, the y-axis shows temperature.
  • On the chart, dew point numbers appear in the lower-temperature region (low side); bubble point numbers appear in the higher-temperature region (high side).
  • When checking superheat, read the dew point numbers in the lower temperature range.
  • When checking subcooling, read the bubble point numbers in the higher temperature range.
  • This chart helps interpret how blends behave across the subcooling and superheat ranges, due to their temperature glide.