Unit 4

Here are some key questions on Unit 4: Transoceanic Interconnections (c. 1450-1750) that you can paste into Knowt to help you study:

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### 1. Age of Exploration

* Who were the main European explorers during the Age of Exploration?

* What were the key motivations for European exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries?

* How did technological advancements (e.g., the compass, caravel ships) contribute to European exploration?

### 2. The Columbian Exchange

* What goods, plants, animals, and diseases were exchanged between the Old World and the New World during the Columbian Exchange?

* How did the Columbian Exchange affect the populations of the Americas and Europe?

* What were the long-term effects of the Columbian Exchange on global societies?

### 3. Atlantic Slave Trade

* What was the Atlantic Slave Trade, and how did it operate?

* What were the main regions involved in the Atlantic Slave Trade?

* How did the Atlantic Slave Trade impact African societies?

* What role did European and American economies play in the Atlantic Slave Trade?

### 4. Mercantilism

What is *mercantilism** and how did it influence European colonial policies?

* How did mercantilist policies affect trade between European countries and their colonies?

### 5. Maritime Empires

* Which European nations established maritime empires during the Age of Exploration?

* What were the characteristics of the Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and British maritime empires?

* How did maritime empires shape global trade networks and interactions?

### 6. Treaty of Tordesillas

* What was the Treaty of Tordesillas and how did it impact European exploration?

* How did the Treaty of Tordesillas divide the New World between Spain and Portugal?

### 7. Encomienda System

What was the *encomienda system**, and how did it work in Spanish colonies?

* How did the encomienda system affect Indigenous populations in the Americas?

### 8. Casta System

What was the *Casta System** in colonial Latin America?

* How did the Casta System categorize people based on race and ethnicity?

* What impact did the Casta System have on colonial society and social hierarchies?

### 9. Commercial Revolution

What was the *Commercial Revolution** and how did it change European economies?

* How did the rise of joint-stock companies and the development of global trade networks contribute to the Commercial Revolution?

### 10. Global Trade Networks

* How did global trade networks expand during the period of 1450-1750?

* What were the major trade routes during this period, and which goods were traded along these routes?

* How did the growth of global trade networks impact the economies of Europe, Asia, and the Americas?

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These questions will help you focus on the most important concepts of Unit 4. You can paste them into Knowt to create flashcards for efficient studying!