Chapter 6

Chapter 6 – How Do I Prove My Argument?

Big Idea

To prove an argument, you need:

1. Strong evidence

2. Credible sources

3. Organized documentation

1⃣ The Discovery of Evidence

Where to Find Evidence:

• Subject heading searches (library databases)

• Books

• Periodicals (academic journals, magazines)

• Newspapers

• Government documents

• Fact books & encyclopedias

• Other printed resources

👉 Use multiple types of sources for stronger credibility.

2⃣ Types and Tests of Evidence

A. Evidence of Fact

Information that can be verified.

Types:

• Examples & Illustrations

Used to clarify or support a point.

Test:

• Is it relevant?

• Is it representative?

• Is it accurate?

• Statistics

Numerical data used to prove a claim.

Test:

• Is the source credible?

• Is the data current?

• Is the sample size large enough?

• Is the statistic being used fairly (not misleading)?

• Artifacts

Physical or historical evidence (documents, objects, images).

Test:

• Is it authentic?

• Is it used in the correct context?

• Is it interpreted accurately?

• Premises

Statements assumed to be true that support your argument.

Test:

• Are they widely accepted?

• Are they logically connected to your claim?

• Scientific Evidence

Research studies, experiments, expert findings.

Test:

• Was it peer-reviewed?

• Is the methodology sound?

• Is it unbiased?

• Are results repeatable?

B. Evidence of Opinion

Expert testimony, qualified opinions.

Test:

• Is the person qualified?

• Do they have expertise in the field?

• Are they biased?

• Is their opinion supported by facts?

3⃣ Recording Evidence

Good organization = stronger argument.

Tips:

• Know what kind of evidence you need before researching

• Keep an annotated bibliography (brief notes about each source)

• Create an organized system of excerpts (quotes, stats, summaries)

• Using “cards” or organized notes can help

👉 Always track where information comes from.