Law and Justice Chapter in 1

  1. Crime: Conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse

  2. Procedural fairness: the process by which procedures that feel fair to those involved are made

  3. Procedural justice: the implementation of faire and equitable procedures in the administration of justice

 

  1. Individual rights: rights guaranteed to all members of American society

  2. Justice: the principle of fairness; the ideal of moral equity

  3. Social justice: idea that embraces all aspects of civilized life linked to notions of fairness and to cultural beliefs about right and wrong

  4. Civil justice: Array of procedures and activities having to do with private rights and remedies sought by civil action

  5. Criminal justice: fairness in relationships between citizens, gov agencies, etc.

  6. Criminal justice system: The operational aspects, law enforcement, courts, and corrections justice functions

  7. Warrant: A writ issued by a judicial officer directing law enforcement officer to perform a specified act and affording the officer protection from damages if he or she performs it

  8. Booking: a law official recording entry into detention after arrest

  9. Bail:  the money or property pledged to the court or deposited with the court to effect the release of a person from legal custody

  10. Preliminary hearing: a proceeding before a judicial officer, 3 outcomes: 1 whether a crime was committed, 2, if the crime occurred in jurisdiction of the court, 3 if there are reasonable grounds to believe that the defendant committed the crime

  11. Probable cause: the necessary level of belief that would allow for arrests

  12. Indictment: a formal written accusation submitted to the court by the grand jury. Alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense.

  13. Grand jury: group of jurors selected according to law, and have been sworn in to hear evidence and determine whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the accused person to trail.

  14. Arraignment: the hearing before a court having jurisdiction in a criminal case in which the defendant is informed of the charge of his or her right

  15. Trial: the examination In court of the issues of fact and relevant law in a case for the purpose of convicting or acquitting the defendant

  16. Procedural Law (page 18) : the part of the law that specifies the methods to be used in enforcing substantive law

  17. Precedent (page 18) : A legal principle that ensures that previous judicial decisions are authoritatively considered and incorporated into future cases

  18. Consecutive sentence: One of two or more sentences imposed at the same time, after conviction for more than one offense.

  19. Concurrent sentence: Imposed upon a person already under sentence for a previous offense, served at the same time as the previous sentence

  20. Due process: procedural fairness