Year 10 AFL - Understanding Movement Study Guide Notes

Hydration

  • Maintaining hydration is crucial for health and performance.

  • Thirst indicates existing dehydration.

  • Hydration is important before, during, and after matches.

    • 2-3L the day before.

    • Approximately 500ml 4hrs prior to game.

    • 250-350ml 15mins prior to game.

    • During game: 150-200ml every 15mins of activity.

    • Post game: 1.5L for every Kg lost (weigh yourself before and after game to estimate fluid loss).

Dehydration

  • Dehydration involves the loss of essential fluids and salts, disrupting normal body functions.

  • It poses significant dangers and impairs sports performance.

  • Intense exercise elevates dehydration risk due to sweat-related fluid loss.

  • Physical effects:

    • Muscle fatigue.

    • Increased risk of injury.

    • Increased body temperature.

    • Loss of coordination.

    • Reduced speed and endurance.

    • Nausea.

    • Vomiting.

  • Mental effects:

    • Reduced concentration.

    • Reduced awareness.

    • Poor decision making.

    • Mental fatigue.

Sports Drinks

  • Sports drinks (e.g., Powerade, Gatorade) are effective for athlete hydration during games.

  • They contain salts aiding fluid retention and muscle function.

  • Carbohydrates in sports drinks provide energy for exercise.

  • Energy drinks (e.g., Red Bull) are not sports drinks.

Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)

  • Physical fatigue accumulates during prolonged or high-speed running.

  • The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale measures exertion during physical activity (scale of 6-20).

  • AFL teams use RPE to:

    • Track/monitor fatigue levels.

    • Ensure challenging training intensity.

    • Avoid overtraining or injury.

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Borg Scale: Why 6-20?

  • The 6-20 scale estimates heart rate during physical activity.

  • Multiply the RPE by 10 to approximate heart rate.

    • E.g., RPE of 15 ≈ 150 bpm

    • E.g., RPE of 10 = approximately 100bpm.

RPE Effect on AFL Performance

  • AFL demands players to run 10-15kms per game.

  • Hard-working teams gain advantages:

    • Creating offensive space.

    • Closing defensive space.

    • Exhausting opponents.

  • High RPE (18-20) indicates maximum effort for team success.

  • Low RPE (e.g. 10) indicates insufficient effort, hindering performance.

Acceleration and Force

  • Acceleration: Change in velocity over time due to force.

  • Speed: Distance covered in a certain amount of time.

  • Force: Influence altering an object's motion.

  • Running involves applying force to the ground for propulsion.

  • Greater force application leads to faster movement.

Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

  • Force and acceleration link via Newton’s 2nd Law: F=maF = ma

  • Athletes increase force by increasing mass or acceleration.

  • Considering Nic Naitanui and Luke Shuey tackling at the same acceleration, Nic Naitanui would hurt more due to his larger mass.

Thinking point

  • Is it possible to be moving but have an acceleration of 0 meters per second?

Benefits of Increasing Force and Acceleration in AFL

  • Force

    • Tackling harder

    • Kicking further

    • Jumping Higher

    • Pushing opponent off the ball easier

  • Acceleration

    • Run faster

    • Explode away from opponents when leading or creating space

    • Closing down opponents when defending

    • Increases the Force a player can produce

  • Increasing the force one can absorb is also beneficial as it reduces the likelihood of sustaining injury during an impact in games.

Training to Improve Acceleration and Force Production

  • Resistance Training:

    • Lifting weights (squats, lunges and deadlifts) help to make the leg muscles stronger which increases their capacity to produce force. More force over a time period = increased acceleration. Upper body strength to assist in tackling and marking

  • Sprinting:

    • practicing sprinting increases coordination and trains type II (fast twitch) muscle fibers. It increases explosiveness which is beneficial for acceleration.

  • Plyometric:

    • This training involves increasing the capacity of tendons to stretch and release energy. Jumping/landing/sprinting involves stretching and releasing force. The faster energy from tendons can be released, the greater the acceleration and force production.