images.pdf

Chapter 3: Use of Images in Multimedia

3.1 Objectives

  • Discuss factors affecting the use of images in multimedia.

  • Describe capabilities and limitations of bitmap images.

  • Describe capabilities and limitations of vector images.

  • Define aspects of 3D modeling.

  • Discuss the use of colors and palettes in multimedia.

  • Cite various file types used in multimedia.

3.2 Overview

  • Creation of multimedia images.

  • Creation of still images.

  • Colors and palettes in multimedia.

  • Image file types used in multimedia.

3.3 Creation of Multimedia Images

  • Importance of images in multimedia products.

  • Types of images:

    • Bitmap images (photograph-like).

    • Vector-based graphics.

    • 3D renderings.

  • The choice of still images depends on:

    • Display resolution.

    • Hardware and software capabilities.

  • Necessary tools for image development include:

    • High-resolution monitors.

    • Multiple monitor setups for graphic designers.

3.4 Types of Still Images

  • Two main categories of still images:

    • Bitmaps (raster-based).

    • Vector-drawn graphics.

3.5 Bitmaps

  • Definition: Derived from 'bit' (binary digit) and 'map' (matrix of bits).

3.5.1 Bitmap Characteristics

  • Suitable for photo-realistic images and complex drawings.

  • Require more memory and processing power with increased bit depth.

3.5.2 Bit Depth Measurement

  • Bit depth: Determines color depth.

    • 1-bit: Monochrome (black and white).

    • 8-bit: 256 distinct colors.

    • 16-bit: 32K distinct colors.

    • 24-bit: Millions of colors.

    • 32-bit: Trillions of colors.

3.6 Bitmap Formats

  • Use of specific formats for different purposes:

    • BMP: Native format for raw images.

    • JPEG: Suitable for web photo sharing (compression).

    • GIF: Ideal for simple graphics and animations.

    • PNG: Similar to GIF but does not support animation.

3.7 Inserting Bitmaps

  • Methods to insert bitmaps include:

    • Clip art galleries.

    • Bitmap software.

    • Captured and edited images.

    • Scanned images.

3.8 Clip Art Galleries

  • Collections of graphics available online or on CD-ROMs.

  • Legal rights associated:

    • Public domain images.

    • Royalty-free images.

    • Right managed images.

3.9 Bitmap Software

  • Industry standard tools include:

    • Adobe Photoshop.

    • Illustrator.

    • Corel Painter.

    • CorelDraw.

    • Quark Express.

3.10 Capturing and Editing Images

  • Screen capture methods include:

    • Windows PRINT SCREEN.

    • Mac command for capturing images.

  • Image editing functions:

    • Enhance images.

    • Alter and distort.

    • Create composites.

    • Morph images.

3.11 High and Low-Resolution Images

  • High-resolution images are distinguished by pixel count and dpi; suited for print quality.

  • Low-resolution images appear blurry in large formats.

3.12 Vector-Drawn Images

  • Features and Uses:

    • Built from geometric shapes using mathematical formulas.

    • Applications in CAD, print media, and 3D animation.

3.12.1 Working with Vectors

  • Vectors defined by endpoints and Cartesian coordinates.

3.12.2 Comparison with Bitmaps

  • Vector images consume less memory, download faster, but are not suitable for photo-realistic images.

3.13 3D Drawing and Rendering

  • Involves creating objects in three dimensions.

  • Tools for 3D graphics include:

    • Macromedia Extreme3D.

    • Form-Z.

  • Techniques involve modeling shapes, extruding, and lighting.

3.14 Color Theory in Multimedia

  • Color is tied to light from atoms and perceived by the human eye.

  • Human eye can differentiate 80,000 colors.

3.14.1 Cultural Associations of Colors

  • Colors signify different meanings across cultures:

    • Red: Happiness (China), Anger (Japan), Danger (USA).

    • Green: Fertility (China), Criminality (Egypt).

3.15 Additive vs. Subtractive Color

  • Additive Color: Combining red, green, and blue light (RGB methodology).

  • Subtractive Color: Used in printing, involves mixing cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks (CMYK process).

3.16 Image File Types

  • Macintosh Formats: Primarily PICT.

  • Windows Formats: BMP, TIFF, PCX.

  • Cross-Platform Formats: JPEG, PNG, GIF, and CAD-related types (DXF, IGS).

3.17 Most Common Image File Formats

  • JPEG: For continuous tone images, supports 16 million colors; lossy compression.

  • GIF: Limited to 256 colors, lossless compression, supports transparency.

  • PNG: Lossless, supports indexed color and optional transparency, patent-free.

3.18 Information Delivery with Images

  • Graphics improve efficacy in information presentation compared to text alone.

  • Types of images utilized for conveying information include diagrams, charts, maps, and photographs.

3.19 Summary

  • Computer-generated images as bitmaps or vector-drawn.

  • Insertion methods for images in multimedia: clip art, software, capturing.

  • 3D image creation involves modeling, rendering, and use of color.