SCAQ LU 6
1. Which philosophical foundation of nursing focuses on what is right or wrong in care?
A. Ontology
B. Epistemology
C. Axiology
D. Methodology
2. Scenario: A nurse researcher is studying how nurses validate truth in practice. This relates to which philosophy branch?
A. Ontology
B. Epistemology
C. Axiology
D. Methodology
3. Which best defines a concept in nursing theory?
A. Visual representation of ideas
B. General guidelines for practice
C. Term describing a phenomenon or group of phenomena
D. Statement linking two variables
4. Scenario: A student nurse asks, "Why do we learn models when we already use policies?" Your best explanation is:
A. Models replace policies completely
B. Models provide visual/symbolic representations to understand complex concepts
C. Models are historical with no modern use
D. Policies are unrelated to models
5. Which of the following is a principle in wound healing?
A. Understanding self-care agency
B. Maintaining a moist wound environment
C. Using adaptation models for infection
D. Applying grand theories only
6. Which model focuses on self-care deficits and nursing systems?
A. Roy’s Adaptation Model
B. Orem’s Self-Care Model
C. Watson’s Theory of Caring
D. Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory
7. Scenario: A nurse educator integrates Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring into oncology teaching. This demonstrates:
A. Middle-range theory application only
B. Practice-level protocol implementation
C. Using a conceptual framework to guide compassionate care
D. Emphasising only psychosocial comfort
8. What is the main difference between a conceptual framework and a theoretical framework?
A. Theoretical frameworks are researcher-constructed
B. Conceptual frameworks are based solely on established theories
C. Conceptual frameworks reflect researcher’s own model construction based on past studies and current problems
D. There is no difference
9. Which scope of theory is most abstract and comprehensive?
A. Middle-range theory
B. Situation-specific theory
C. Practice-level theory
D. Grand theory
10. Scenario: A nurse designs a protocol to reduce falls using Roy’s Adaptation Model. This is an example of:
A. Generating a new theory
B. Applying grand theory to practice
C. Developing a conceptual framework
D. Using methodology only
11. The assumptions in a theory refer to:
A. Proven facts only
B. Underlying accepted truths guiding the theory structure and concepts
C. Visual representations of phenomena
D. Specific clinical guidelines
12. Which is an example of an assumption in Roy’s Adaptation Model?
A. Health and illness are two separate entities
B. The person is only a biological being
C. The person uses innate and acquired mechanisms to cope with changes
D. Environment is unchanging in nursing context
13. Scenario: In wound care, a nurse asks, "Why is conceptual framework important?" You reply:
A. It is purely academic without relevance to care
B. It ensures consistency and direction in care planning and decision-making
C. It replaces assessment protocols
D. It is only useful in research settings
14. What is the purpose of theories in nursing?
A. To memorise definitions for exams
B. To guide practice, education, research, and predict phenomena
C. To restrict nurses to fixed protocols
D. To separate nursing from other professions
15. Which is a middle-range theory example?
A. Roy’s Adaptation Model
B. Self-Care Deficit Theory
C. Pain Management Theory
D. Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory
16. Scenario: A nurse caring for a patient with chronic illness integrates self-care agency concepts to empower the patient. This reflects understanding of:
A. Roy’s Adaptation Model
B. Orem’s Self-Care Model
C. Watson’s Theory of Caring
D. Practice-level protocols
17. What does ontology examine in nursing?
A. Values and ethics
B. Nature of reality and being in nursing practice
C. Ways of knowing and validating knowledge
D. Research methodologies only
18. Which is true about practice-level theories?
A. Highly abstract
B. Developed for specific clinical guidance
C. Only used in research settings
D. Cannot be applied to protocols
19. Scenario: A nurse researcher wants to build a new model based on observed patient behaviours. She is constructing a:
A. Theoretical framework
B. Conceptual framework
C. Grand theory
D. Principle
20. Which statement about axiology is correct?
A. Focuses on methods of data collection
B. Studies values and ethical aspects in nursing care
C. Explores physical health only
D. Is unrelated to nursing practice
21. Scenario: A nurse leader uses models to improve team understanding of care logic. This shows models can:
A. Confuse interdisciplinary communication
B. Replace documentation standards
C. Provide clarity and consistency in team decision-making
D. Restrict flexibility in care
22. Which is not a component of theory as described by Chinn & Kramer?
A. Purpose
B. Concepts
C. Diagnosis
D. Assumptions
23. Scenario: During simulation, a student applies theory components systematically to plan care. This reflects understanding of theory’s:
A. Purpose only
B. Structure linking concepts, definitions, and assumptions
C. Assumptions only
D. Principles only
24. The structure of a theory refers to:
A. Ethical guidelines
B. Overall form linking concepts and their relationships
C. Patient assessment tools
D. Nursing models only
25. Which is an example of a factual assumption in theory?
A. Nurses should treat patients as family
B. Hand hygiene reduces hospital-acquired infections
C. Compassion is essential in care
D. Patients must be respected
26. Scenario: A student develops a framework showing social media use affects sleep, leading to academic stress. This is a:
A. Theoretical framework
B. Conceptual framework
C. Principle-based model
D. Practice-level theory
27. In the adaptation model, what is viewed as a bio-psycho-social being?
A. Nurse
B. Patient
C. Environment
D. Theory itself
28. Which is true about models in nursing?
A. Always replace conceptual frameworks
B. Are visual or symbolic representations of concepts or theories
C. Cannot integrate multiple theories
D. Have no role in decision-making
29. Scenario: A nurse integrates Orem’s concept of self-care demand when planning rehabilitation goals. This indicates:
A. Focus on patient’s nursing agency only
B. Emphasis on activities needed to meet self-care requisites
C. Avoiding self-care agency assessment
D. Using only middle-range theory
30. Which theory scope would Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory fall under?
A. Grand theory
B. Situation-specific theory
C. Practice-level theory
D. Middle-range theory
Answers
C
B
C
B
B
B
C
C
D
B
B
C
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C