History Notes Pop Quiz

THE WAR CHANGES AMERICAN SOCIETY

  • John Adams argued that the government seeded "checks and balance" to prevent any group from becoming strong enough to take the rights of the minority

  • He favored separation of powers (executive, legislative and judicial).

  • He also proposed that the legislature should have two bouses: a senate to represent people of wealth, and an assembly to protect the rights of the common people

Voting Rights Expande:

  • The revolution led to an expansion of voting rignts in most of the states. The experience of fighting alongside people of different social classes increased Americans beliefs in equality (These feelings did not apply to African Americans and wamen)

  • As a result of this experience, many states let any white male who paid taxes to vote

The confederation

  • In November 1777, the continental congress adopted the articles of confederation, a plan for a loose union of the states undo the authority of the congress

  • This government had the power to declare war, raise, armies, and sign treaties, but could not impose taxes and to regulate trade (the states held those powers).

  • To raise money, the confederation depended on state contribations or funding, they sold land west of the Appalachion Mountains, and they signed trade treaties with European countries

  • The confederation, also, organized the territory west of the Appalachion

The Congress Falters

  • Problems with trade

  • The confederation had no power to impose taxes on foreign products. That responsability fell on the states, but they did not impose the same charges on foreign proacts

  • - The states began to apply tariffs on British boods that crossed state lines. Every state was acting incepemently, threatsed the the unity of the union

  • Problems with Diplomacy:

  • After the war, the United states Government (The Confedration) bad to allow British lenders to sue debtors in American courts to recover their money

  • In retaliation, the British continued to occupy frontier pouts, violating one of the agreements reached in the Treaty of Paris. The British Knew that the confederation was handicapped.

The congress Falters

• Economic Crisis

:

- During the first years, the United States experienced an

ecosomic recession

  • At the same time, many states were, also in ceot because they issued bonds to borrow money? With the war over, their creditors wanted the bands to be redcerned for gold or siver

  • The states could design new taxes to pay their debts, but the farmers could not

  • Shays Rebellion:

  • The property owners fears secred justified when an uprising crapted in Massachasetts in

1786 (Shays Rebellion)

- The conflict was triggered when the government of massachusetts decided to raise taxes to pay off its debts.

The taxes fell on poor formers, and many found it impossible to pay off their taxes as wall as their mortages and other obligations

  • A group of formers, led by Daniel Shays, rebelled against the state government and closed several countries.

  • People in the upper social class feared that the states become more responsive to poor people they would lose their property rights.

A New constitution

  • The political and economic problems facing the Unites States in 1787 led many Americans leaders to two conclusions: the nation would not survive without a strang central government, and the articles of confedoration had to be replaced.

  • Every state except Bhate Island, sent delegates to what became Known as the Constitutional Conventioon

  • The Virginia delegation brought a plan (urgisio

Pom in which

they recomended to remove the Articles of confederation and to create a new government with the power to make laws that unite the states and to raise money through taxes

  • Also He plan proposed a goverment divided into three bronches executive, legislative and ejudiciala

  • The number of representatives for each state wouldreflect the state population. the proposal vould benefit states with a lorge population because they would have more votes in the legislative branch

  • The conneticut Compromise:

  • Roger Sherman, From Conneticat, proposed that in one have of Congress (House of Representatives) Bepresentation would be based on population, and in the other house (senate) the sutes would have equal represantation conneticut Compromiza)

  • Vaters would elect the representative, but the legislatres would cheose the senators

Compromise over slavery:

October 16,2024

  • The southen delegates wanted enslaved people to count toward the total, but Northern delegates objected because ensalved people could not vote

  • They reached a solution Ihree-fiths compromise). In which every five enslaved persons would count as three free person to determine representation and taxes.