Physics

PHYSICS

  • The scientific study of matter, energy, space, and time, and the relationship or

interactions between them.

  • It is the study of nature in an attempt to understand the world around us or

Furthermore, how the universe behaves.

Branches of Physics

  1. Mechanics

  2. Optics

  3. Electromagnetism

  4. Thermodynamics

  5. Relativity

  6. Acoustic

What is the relationship between MATH and PHYSICS?

“ Mathematics is the language with which God has written the universe” - Galileo (Father of science and physics)

QUANTITIES - The amount or number of something.

PHYSICAL QUANTITIES - is a characteristic or property of an object that can be measured with instruments or even by using our senses.

BASIC PHYSICAL QTY

-Length

• Mass

• Time

• Electric current

• Temperature

• Amount of substance

• Luminous intensity (intensity of light)

SI Base Units

• Length (meter)

• Mass (kilogram)

• Time (second)

• Electric current (ampere)

• Temperature (kelvin)

• Amount of substance (mole)

• Luminous intensity (candela)

  • SI unit is an international system (SI) of measurements that are used universally in technical and scientific research to avoid the confusion with the units.

Vector is…

  • direction

  • Force

  • Displacement

  • Velocity

  • Acceleration

  • weight

Scalar is…

  • temperature,

  • distance,

  • speed ,

  • Mass

  • volume,

  • Density,

  • energy,

  • Time.

MOTION (moving)

  • Distance, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration

MECHANICS

  • Motion, Force and energy

KINEMATICS

  • How objects move

DYNAMICS

  • Why is the object moving

Motion

  • Movement of an object was brought by force

  • Shown in change of position

CLASSIFY MOTION

  • The path the object took

  • Frame of reference

  • How far the object traveled

  • How fast the object traveled

  1. PATH REFERENCE

  2. Rectilinear Motion

  • Motion of straight path

  1. Curvilinear Motion

  • Motion of a curve path

  1. Angular Motion

- Motion of a specific angle

2. FRAME OF REFERENCE

MOTION IS RELATIVE

  • THE POSITION OF AN OBJECT IS RELATIVE

  • RELATIVE- MEANING RELATION TO SOMETHING ELSE

3. HOW FAR

Distance

  • Refers to the total path traveled

  • Longest path traveled

  • Total path traveled

  • HOW FAR

Displacement

  • Distance + direction

  • It refers to the total path traveled with direction

  • From start to end SHORTEST PATH

  • Change in position of an object

  • NSEW

  • Moving something from it’s position/place

HOW FAST

Rate

Rate is a ratio of two quantities

  • Tells how quickly one quality changes in relation to another quantity

Speed

  • d/t

  • The distance over time

  • How fast or slow an object moves

  • The rate of a distance

  • d

  • s | t

  • d

  • v | t

Acceleration

  • The rate of change in speed per unit time

Velocity

  • V = displacement/time =

  • Change In position is

  • Distance over time with direction

Gresa method serves as a guide in answering word problems

G - GIVEN (Write and identify any info (number))

R - REQUIRED (assess which being asked)

E - EQUATION

S - SOLUTION

A - ANSWER

WAVES

  • It is a disturbance or series of vibrations traveling from one place to another.

    • It carries energy with or without medium.

MEDIUM

  • It is a substance or material through which a wave travels.

EXP : water, air solid

TYPES OF WAVES

Transverse waves

  • vibrations of particles are perpendicular to the direction of travel

Equilibrium Position

- position of the medium where there is no disturbance.

Crest

- point on the wave with maximum positive or upward displacement from the equilibrium position

Trough

- point on the wave with maximum negative or downward displacement from the equilibrium position

Amplitude

- distance from rest position to crest or trough

Wavelength

- distance between any two adjacent point on a wave

- length of one complete wave cycle.

  • crest to crest

    • trough to trough

Frequency

  • the number of waves that pass a point in a certain period of time.

  • Unit: hertz (Hz)

Longitudinal Wave

  • vibrations of particles are parallel to the direction of travel

Surface Wave

vibrations of particles undergo a circular motion

  • Some of these waves cause the ground to shake up and down (S-waves) or side to side (P-waves).

Electromagnetic Wave

  • A transverse wave that DO NOT NEED matter (medium) to transfer energy

Electromagnetic Spectrum