Lesson 2

Learning Objectives

• Use words and phrases to ask for help with schoolwork.
• Use words and phrases to respond to questions asking for help.

Functional Language for Asking and Giving Help

To request and provide academic assistance regarding unknown words or topics, specific conversational structures are used across four functional categories:

Asking About Meaning

• Asking for Help: What does [word] mean?
  • Example: What does nocturnal mean?
• Helping with Schoolwork: It means [definition].
  • Example: It means active at night.

Asking About Pronunciation

• Asking for Help: How do you pronounce it?
• Helping with Schoolwork: You say [phonetic breakdown]. or I think you say [phonetic breakdown].
  • Example: You say nock-tur-null.

Asking About Spelling

• Asking for Help: How do you spell it?
• Helping with Schoolwork: It is spelt [hyphenated-spelling]. or It's spelt [hyphenated-spelling].
  • Example: It is spelt n-o-c-t-u-r-n-a-l.

Asking About Creature or Object Names

• Asking for Help: What is this sea creature called? or What is it called?
• Helping with Schoolwork: It is called [Name].

Illustrative Conversations

Dialogue: Requesting Help with "Hibernation"

• Ali: What does hibernation mean?
• Ahmed: It means when animals pass the winter in a sleeping or resting state.
• Ali: How do you pronounce it?
• Ahmed: You say hi-ber-nation.
• Ali: How do you spell it?
• Ahmed: It’s spelt h-i-b-e-r-n-a-t-i-o-n.

Deep-Sea Creature Case Studies

Dumbo Octopus

• Biological Classification: Invertebrate.
• Habitat Depth: Found $7000\,\text{meters}$ deep in the ocean.
• Physical Traits & Movement: Uses its ears to swim; measures only about $20\,\text{centimeters}$ long when full grown.
• Inquiry & Response Model:
  • Question: What is this sea creature called?
  • Response: It is called Dumbo Octopus.
  • Question: How do you pronounce it?
  • Response: I think you say Dum-bo Octo-pus.
  • Question: How do you spell it?
  • Response: It’s spelt d-u-m-b-o O-c-t-o-p-u-s.

Blobfish

• Biological Classification: Invertebrate.
• Habitat & Feeding Behavior: Floats just off the bottom of the ocean, waiting for its dinner of microorganisms to float by.
• Inquiry & Response Model:
  • Question: What is this sea creature called?
  • Response: It is called Blobfish.
  • Question: How do you pronounce it?
  • Response: I think you say Blob-fish.
  • Question: How do you spell it?
  • Response: It’s spelt b-l-o-b-f-i-s-h.

Academic Vocabulary and Response Examples

• Horizon:

  • Meaning Question: What does horizon mean?
  • Meaning Response: It means the line where the earth seems to meet the sky.
  • Spelling Question: How do you spell it?
  • Spelling Response: It’s spelt h-o-r-i-z-o-n.

• Osmosis:

  • Meaning Question: What does osmosis mean?
  • Meaning Response: It means the passage of material through a membrane.
  • Spelling Question: How do you spell osmosis?
  • Spelling Response: It’s spelt o-s-m-o-s-i-s.

• Microbiology:

  • Pronunciation Question: How do you pronounce microbiology?
  • Pronunciation Response: I think you say micro-bio-logy.

• Thermometer:

  • Spelling Question: How do you spell thermometer?
  • Spelling Response: It’s spelt t-h-e-r-m-o-m-e-t-e-r.

• Virology:

  • Meaning Question: What does virology mean?
  • Meaning Response: It means the science that studies viruses and the diseases caused by them.

• Firefly:

  • Meaning Question: What does firefly mean?
  • Meaning Response: It means an insect that is active during the night and produces light.
  • Pronunciation Question: How do you pronounce it?
  • Pronunciation Response: I think you can say fire-fly.
  • Spelling Question: How do you spell it?
  • Spelling Response: It’s spelt f-i-r-e-f-l-y.

• Glacier:

  • Meaning Question: What does glacier mean?
  • Meaning Response: It means a large body of ice moving.
  • Pronunciation Question: How do you pronounce it?
  • Pronunciation Response: I think you can say gla-cier.
  • Spelling Question: How do you spell it?
  • Spelling Response: It’s spelt g-l-a-c-i-e-r.

Student Writing and Speaking Self-Assessment Criteria

• Grammatical Tense: Ensure correct tense usage throughout responses.
• Spelling Precision: Verify correct letter-by-letter hyphenated spelling.
• Punctuation Accuracy: Punctuate correctly using full-stops, commas, hyphens, and question marks.