KMT Gas Law Variables

KMT (kinetic molecular theory)

  • particles are in constant, random motion

  • heat usually cause particles to gain kinetic energy (move faster)

Temperature

  • temperature is proportional to average kinetic energy of particles

  • units: celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin

  • k= c+273

  • 0K is absolut zero- as cold as it is possible to be. Zero kinetic energy

Volume

  • volume= how much space something occupies

  • gases- lots of space between particles, very compressible

  • volume of a gas is equal to the container it is in

  • units- liters (L), milliliters (mL) cubic centimeters, gallons

Pressure

  • pressure- pressure the amount of force pressing on a given area

  • Gas particles strike the walls of a container, causing pressure

  • More frequency and/or more forceful collisions increase pressure

  • units- Psi (lb/in²) kilopascals (kPa) millimeters of mercury (mmHg) Atmospheres (atm)

Standard temperature and pressure (STP)

Standard set of conditions used to simplify certain types of calculations

  • 0C or 273K

  • 1.0 atm or 101.1kPa or 14.7psi or 760 mmHg