2nd law of thermodynamics + Entropy

2nd law - heat naturally flows from hot to cold in order to reach equilibrium

Entropy is a measure of the randomness / disorder based on distribution and organization of particles

Increasing entropy

• Spontaneous processes have higher entropy

• isolated systems increase entropy

• irreversible processes have entropy increased

Decreasing entropy

• entropy decreases when the environment does work

Entropy is at maximum at equilibrium

Entropy does not depend on the process, it is only based on initial and final values