Health Asses Part 8

The nurse is assessing a patient's psychosocial development in light of Freud's theory. The nurse would interpret the patient's status as the outcome of conflict between what variables? • Cultural norms and personality traits • Biological desires and social expectations • Sexual desires and relational desires • Sociocultural norms and health needs • A patient admits to the nurse that she feels guilty for not providing more direct care for her ill mother. According to Freud, the moral component of this patient's feelings results from which of the following? • Defense mechanisms • The superego • The id • The ego • A school nurse who provides care in a middle school works exclusively with adolescents. According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what task will underlie much of the students' behavior? • Exerting influence over others • Evaluating the merits of their parents' beliefs • Appraising religious dogma • Establishing a personal identity • An infant was removed from her home by social services because of the dangerous and neglectful conditions that existed. According to Erikson, failure of the infant to resolve the central crisis of infancy may lead to what personality characteristics later in life? • Suspicion and fear • Aggression and antagonism • Dependency and relational entanglement • Depression and introversion • The nurse is applying Piaget's theory of development to a patient's health history. This approach to analysis will prioritize what activity on the part of the patient? • Learning • Imitating • Indulging • Desiring • The nurse is analyzing the data obtained from a patient interview. When applying the principles of Kohlberg's theory of development, the nurse should prioritize data related to what domain? • The patient's moral behavior • The patient's relationships • The patient's health • The patient's sexual identity • The nurse is working with an older adult patient and is attempting to determine whether the patient deems her life to have been meaningful and valuable. As well, the nurse has addressed the patient's acceptance of the inevitability of death. This nurse's actions are best understood within the ideas of which theorist? • Freud • Erikson • Piaget • Kohlberg • The nurse is assessing a patient's cultural identity and affiliation during the health interview. How best can the nurse elicit this information? • ìWhat are your race and culture?î • ìWould you describe yourself as American?î • ìHow would you describe your cultural values?î • ìWith which cultural group do you most closely identify?î • The nurse is conducting a health interview and is addressing the patient's current stressors. What is the primary rationale for including stress as a focus of psychosocial assessment? • Stress provides the main impetus for psychosocial development and adaptation. • Psychosocial development cannot progress normally in the presence of stress. • Psychosocial stress has a major influence on health in many domains. • The results of the health interview are distorted when the patient is experiencing stress. • The nurse is conducting a health interview and has asked the patient, ìHow would you describe yourself to others?î The patient's response informs the nurse's assessment of which of the following? • The patient's morality and honesty • The patient's aspirations • The patient's self-concept • The patient's superego • During the health interview of a new patient, the nurse has explored the patient's decision- making strategies. These data are most essential to the developmental theory of which theorist? • Freud • Kohlberg • Piaget • Erikson • The nurse is assessing an older adult's psychosocial development with reference to Freud's theory of development. What observation by the nurse would most clearly suggest healthy development within this theoretical framework? • The patient is able to describe challenges that he has overcome. • The patient has eliminated conflictual relationships from his life. • The patient is able to delegate care to others when necessary. • The patient appears to have dealt effectively with recent losses. • The nurse is applying the principles of Freud's theory of psychosocial development during the health assessment of a young adult patient. What assessment question is most likely to elicit data that are meaningful within this theoretical framework? • ìDo you have a sufficient number of friends?î • ìDo you have a satisfying sexual relationship?î • ìHow do you feel about your cultural background?î • ìDo you consider yourself to be a good person?î • The nurse is assessing a young adult patient in light of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. During this life stage, what assessment finding would most clearly suggest a lack of successful development? • The patient is dissatisfied with her current job. • The patient describes herself as lonely and isolated. • The patient has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. • The patient had a child when she was in her late teens. • What action on the part of a middle-aged patient would best exemplify Erikson's concept of generativity? • Being able to accurately evaluate the merits of others' ideas • Emphasizing the importance of one's knowledge and skill set • Consistently increasing one's income • Guiding and mentoring individuals who are younger • The nurse's interview with an older adult patient reveals that he bitterly regrets some of the financial decisions that he made when he was younger. The nurse recognizes that unless the patient is able to accept these undesirable aspects of life, what outcome is likely? • The patient will adopt antisocial behaviors late in life. • The patient will die prematurely. • The patient will gradually abandon significant relationships. • The patient will live with despair during his final years of life. • When appraising a young adult's psychosocial development within the framework of Erikson's theory, what question should guide the nurse's data collection and analysis? • Can the patient successfully solve problems? • Has the patient successfully achieved intimacy? • Has the patient learned to trust others? • Can the patient teach life skills to others? • What assessment finding would most clearly suggest to the nurse that a young adult patient has failed to attain normal development within Piaget's framework? • The patient has difficulty understanding abstract reasoning in written form. • The patient has a recent history of tumultuous interpersonal relationships. • The patient is often defiant toward authority figures. • The patient is unwilling to accept responsibilities in the workplace. • Assessment of an older adult patient suggests that the patient does not possess formal operational thinking. Within Piaget's framework of development, what nursing diagnosis is the most likely consequence of this developmental deficit? • Spiritual distress • Ineffective health maintenance • Ineffective sexuality pattern • Risk for suicide • The nurse has identified abnormal findings when reviewing a young adult patient's health history. Within Kohlberg's theory of psychosocial development, what behavioral characteristic is the nurse most likely to observe? • The patient has difficulty trusting others. • The patient is easily manipulated by others. • The patient is unable to weigh options when presented with a dilemma. • The patient makes decisions without considering the impact on others. • When applying Kohlberg's theory of moral development to the status of an older adult patient, on what assessment finding would the nurse focus? • The relationship between the patient's stated beliefs and his actions • The patient's ability to discern the motivations of others • The patient's adherence to rules, laws, and norms • The patient's ability to tolerate differing views • During the health interview, a patient demonstrates the ability to describe healthy and unhealthy aspects of her thinking patterns. The nurse would conclude that this patient has attained which level of development within Piaget's framework? • Circular operational • Preoperational • Concrete operational • Formal operational • Assessment reveals that a young adult has failed to achieve Erikson's central task of his current stage of development. What nursing diagnosis would the nurse associate most closely with this finding? • Risk for compromised human dignity • Anxiety • Ineffective sexuality pattern • Social isolation • The nurse's assessment suggests that a 10-year-old has failed to achieve Erikson's central task of this stage of development. What nursing diagnosis should most likely be included in the child's plan of care? • Risk for injury • Chronic low self-esteem • Fear • Disturbed thought processes • What statement by a middle-aged adult would most clearly suggest successful achievement of Erikson's central task during this stage of development? • ìI'm doing a lot of volunteering in order to give back to the community.î • ìI've started to exercise more regularly so that I don't put on extra weight.î • ìI socialize with my coworkers a lot more than I did when I was younger.î • ìOverall, my marriage is likely stronger than it was when we first got married.î • The nurse is assessing an adult patient's self-image during the health history interview. What assessment question is most likely to elicit meaningful data? • ìWhat are the activities that give you the most joy?î • ìWhat would you describe as your main strengths and weaknesses?î • ìDo you consider yourself to be a particularly religious person?î • ìWhat actions are you taking to improve your life?î