Engineering Chemistry - II Notes

General Book Structure and Overview

• Title: Engineering Chemistry - II
• Course Code: FEC203, Semester: II
• Author: Dr. (Mrs.) Trupti S. Paradkar, Associate Professor
• University: University of Mumbai, as per the revised syllabus (2019-2020)
• Edition: First Edition

Book Objectives

• Provide comprehensive coverage of engineering chemistry topics as per the syllabus.
• Facilitate understanding with logical structuring of subjects.
• Include solved problems from university examinations for practice.
• Provide unsolved problems and review questions for self-assessment.
• Encourage constructive feedback for future editions.

Key Topics Covered

• Chapter 1: Principles of Spectroscopy

  • Definition, types, and applications of spectroscopy focusing on atomic and molecular aspects.

• Chapter 2: Applications of Spectroscopy

  • Emission spectroscopy including instrumentation, theory, applications, and the Jablonski diagram.

• Chapter 3: Concept of Electrochemistry

  • Understanding cell concepts including galvanic and electrolytic cells, Nernst equation, electrode potential, and electrochemical series.

• Chapter 4: Corrosion

  • Definition, mechanisms, types, factors affecting corrosion rates, and control methods.
  • Types include differential aeration corrosion, galvanic corrosion, stress corrosion, and pitting corrosion.

• Chapter 5: Green Chemistry and Synthesis of Drugs

  • Introduction to green chemistry principles, significance, and applications in drug synthesis including examples.

• Chapter 6: Fuels and Combustion

  • Definition and classification of fuels, calorific values, analysis techniques, and combustion calculations.
  • Specific focus on solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels, their significance, and combustion reaction dynamics.

Important Concepts

• Electromagnetic Spectrum Relationship: Relationship between electromagnetic waves and energy changes during spectroscopic analysis.
• Jablonski Diagram: Illustrates energy transitions in fluorescence and phosphorescence.
• Corrosion Control Methods: Various methods including material selection, protective coatings, and cathodic protection.
  • Cathodic Protection with sacrificial anodes and impressed current.

Fuel Characteristics

• Good Fuel Specifications:

  • High calorific value, low moisture and ash contents, moderate ignition temperature, easy combustion control, and low cost are critical indicators of a desirable fuel.

• Calorific Value Definition: Defined as the total amount of heat produced when a unit mass of fuel is consumed. Higher calorific value accounts for the condensation heat of water formed, while lower calorific value does not.

Analytical Techniques

• Proximate Analysis: Used for determining moisture, volatile matter, ash, and fixed carbon in coal samples.
  • Ultimate Analysis: Determines elemental analysis (C, H, N, O, S) of coal and is essential for combustion calculations.

Important Equations

• Nernst Equation: $E = E^0 - \frac{RT}{nF} ln(Q)$
• Dulong's Formula for Calorific Value: $HCV = [8080C + 34500(H - \frac{O}{8}) + 2240S] ext{ kcal/kg}$
• Volume of Oxygen Required in Combustion: Depends on the stoichiometry of reactions, for example, for the combustion of carbon: $C + O<em>2 → CO</em>2$

Review Questions

• Various review questions at the end of chapters to reinforce learning and understanding, including definitions and the significance of keywords.
• Suggestions for practical application and further reading for higher-level understanding.

Practical Applications

• Includes problem sets relevant to real-world engineering chemistry issues and applications, standardizing assessment through numerical problems.