As relationships develop, they penetrate deeper and deeper into private and personal matters. This exposes vulnerabilities, so trust has to be developed along the way.

The Johari Window Model

Open Area: Info known to both you and others
Blind: I dont know this but others know this
Hidden: I know but they dont know
Unknown: I dont know but no one knows.

You have a secret you cant tell anybody what quadeant does that fall into: Hidden

You have something stuck on your face that you dont know about but your friend is staring at you funny: Blind

System Theory

The whole is greater than the sum of its parts

Change in one member affects the whole

Behavior is more revealing than words

Family members conform to rules

seniors/matures/veterans/ traditionalists
- Born before 1946
- Hard work - duty- sacrifice - thriftiness - work fast
- Understand boundaries
- Very dependable and reliable
- High levels of commitment to organizations
- Avoid challenging the system
- Mature with work ethic
Baby boomers
- Born between 1946-1964
- Personal fulfillment - optimism - crusading causes - buy now/pay later
- Somewhat rigid
Gen x
- 1965-1980
- Uncertainty - personal focus - live for today
- Appreciate feedback
- Clear and consistent expectations
- Little organizational loyalty (job hopping)
- Want fun and adventure
Millennials
- 1981-1987
- Big boom of technology
- Fast communication and expect automatic feedback
- Want everything quickly
- Demonstrate respect only after being treated with respect
Gen z
- 1998-2012
- Highly connected, digital natives
- Not recollection of life without technology
- Greater focus on mental health - increase in cases of depression and anxiety
- No first hand recollection of 9/11
Gen alpha
- 2013-2024
- Hyperconnected at all times
- Videos and video games are their preferred formats
- Reduced attention span and concentration
- Less time spent with traditional face to face communication
- Less reduced imagination
Gen beta
- 2025 - newest generation

4/14

Birth order
- First born
  - Natural leader
  - On time
  - High achiever
  - Bossy
  - Know-it-all
  - People pleaser
  - Adult pleaser
  - Financially responsible
- Middle child
  - Flexible
  - Easy going
  - Social
  - Peacemaker
  - Independent
  - Secretive
  - Feel life is unfair
  - Could cause trouble
  - Strong negotiator
  - Generous
- Youngest child
  - Risk taker
  - Outgoing
  - Creative
  - Self centered
  - Financially irresponsible
  - Competitive
  - Bored easily
  - Likes to be pampered
  - Sense of humor
- Only child
  - Close to parents
  - Self control
  - Leader
  - Mature
  - Dependable
  - Demanding
  - Private
  - Sensitive
  - World revolves around them
- Birth order and romantic compatibility
  - 2 oldest children - more headbudding, both used to leading
  - Oldest and youngest - both expecting to care or being taken care of
  - Middle child - along for the ride, not the best communicator, needs a direct yes/no
  - Other factors like age gap, birth order based on gender (first girl, first boy)
  - Only children - varies depending on parenting and socialization (cousins may have a similar influence as siblings)
- Mostly just comes down to communication, commitment and compromise

Differences between men and women

80/20 rule
- 80% falls into the stereotypes, 20% does not
Many genders - more than just men and women
- What happens if someone doesn’t identify as a man or woman
  - Avoid generalizations/stereotypes
The gender gap - beliefs vs reality
- Stereotype - women are bad drivers
- Reality - men are arrested the most for reckless driving
3 successful Cs to a relationship
- Communication
- Commitment
- Compromise
- If you have all 3 then your relationship is set
Thinking differently
- Women
  - Think globally
  - More connective tissue in brain
    - Allows for more information to be rapidly exchanged (aka multitasking)
  - Have a very hard time turning off their brains at night
    - Can’t just think about “nothing” like men do
- Men
  - Think compartmentally (boxes and categories)
    - Think about one box at a time
    - Can be pulled out of the box by having them leave the specific environment (e.g. call me from your car)
  - Separate items out
  - Able to easily think about/do nothing
Different operating systems
- Men
  - Independence first
  - Intimacy second
- Women
  - Intimacy first
  - Independence second
Speaking differences
- Men = report facts
  - Phrases and short clips
  - Not much detail
  - Bottom line
  - Direct and blunt
  - Not good at inferring things
  - Finish one topic before going to the next
  - About 12500 words a day
- Women = build rapport
  - Paragraph form
  - Feedback with tact and sensitivity
  - Historical narrative
  - Bottom line at the end
  - Many mid convo topic changes
  - 25000 words a day
Nonverbal differences
- Men
  - Fewer voice tones
  - Fewer facial expressions
  - More personal space
  - More likely to lean forward
  - Stand at an angle
  - More expansive gestures
  - Eye contact maintained for 3 seconds
- Women
  - Desire to feel connected to others
  - Less personal space
  - More facial expressions
  - Face to face conversations
  - More gestures
  - Eye contact is maintained for 12 seconds
  - Tend to take feedback personally
Understanding the opposite gender
- 70% of communication is misunderstood
  - Accept the differences
  - Don’t try to change the other gender, change approach instead
Conflict
- 80% of conflict is below the surface
  - Language and cultural differences
  - Cognitive style
Top 5 points of conflict in relationships
- Money
- sex/intimacy
- Kids
- House
- In-laws

Types of advertising

Consumer - directly advertised to us

Business to business -

Direct response -

Most common forms advertising can take

Broadcast

Direct Mail

Billboard

electronic/online

Product placement

Other

Considerations

Why is yours better

Cost of product/service

Risks or dangers

focus group settings

Budget

target market/demographic

Best way to reach

can never reach 100%

time of day advertising

length of advertisement

How will people remember it

Location or placement of advertisement

frequency of advertising

Components of effective tv commercial

Humor

emotion

fear

production quality

sex appeal and sexually suggestive

jingle

mascot

length

frequency

What makes it memorable enough to buy the product or service?

Branding

Corporate identity - companys name, logo, tagline. Its visual expression and their look.

Corporate image - publics perception of the company, publics perception of the company.

Corporate Branding - business process, one that is planned, strategically focused and integrated throughout the organization.

Branding

monolithic approach - single name is used on all products and services

endorsed approach - core brand supports a variety of sub-brands (GM)

Branded method - parent/core brand almost invisible (johnson and johnson)

Why stick with a brand

Reliability

Quality

Cost

Availability

Productivity and benefits to you

Ad fun facts

no alcohol commercials on network tv

No beer drunk on network television commercials

no cigarette ads

10:10 on watch faces

no direct views of mens armpits during deodorant commercials

Types of groups (these can overlap)

social groups - socialize, hang out, friendgroups, clubs

information sharing group - support one another, addiction groups, etc

task oriented group - work/school project group

learning group - study group

problem solving group - committees,

Risky shift phenomenon

People tend to take more risks as a result of being part of a group

Groupthink

Groupthink occurs when the desire for cohesion interferes with the problem solving process so ideas are not really examined

people often aren't aware they're engaging in groupthink

even when aware, people are afraid

Task roles (focus on getting the job done) vs Maintenance role

Task roles focus on getting the job done while a maintenance role focuses on the relationship size and cohesiveness within a group like having a compromiser or harmonizer which focuses on everyone geting along as opposed to getting the task done.

Harminizing role- someone who is mediating differences, reconciling disagreements

A third role type to play would be individualistic roles (also called self-centered roles), these people are a problem within the group they may disagree a lot or goof around.

Group life cycles