Parasitic Nematodes

Two Ways of Being Classified:

Intestinal Nematodes:

• a.small intestine: Ascaris, ancylostoma, necator

• b. large intestine

Tissue Nematodes:

• lymphatic system

• sub-cutananeous

• mesentry

• Conjucnutova

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i. By ingestioneggs

• larvae within intermediate host

• Encysted larvae in muscle

ii. Penetration of skin

iii. blood sucking insects

iv. Inhalation of dust containing eggs

periodically during a 24 hour period the microflaria in the bloodstramwill migrate out of the capillaries to the surface to wear insects can pick them up and transmit, other times of the day, they may be deep in the body near the heart. offspring seen in peripheral blood during night, during day they go deep for protection

Brugia malayi

• occurs in limited area of the world. southeast Asia and pacific islands

• smaller, similar lifecycle

• nocturnal periodicity

• clinical features are similar except:

  • more frequents episodes of acute adenolymphangitis and filarial abscesses

  • chronic manifestations occur less frequently

  • no genital involvement

  • swelling is limited to leg below the knee or the arm

  • chyluria does not occur, no discolored urine