Scotus Case Quiz

🃏 Engel v. Vitale (1962)

📘 School-led prayer violates the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause (applied to states via the 14th Amendment). Government cannot sponsor religious activities in public schools.

🃏 What clause did Engel v. Vitale involve?

📘 Establishment Clause of the 1st Amendment + Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment.

🃏 Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

📘 Forcing Amish children to attend school past 8th grade violates the Free Exercise Clause of the 1st Amendment. Religious freedom > state education law.

🃏 What Amendment did Yoder v. Wisconsin protect?

📘 1st Amendment Free Exercise Clause

🃏 Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

📘 Students wore black armbands to protest Vietnam War. SCOTUS ruled students have free speech rights in schools as long as it’s non-disruptive (symbolic speech is protected).

🃏 What amendment protected students in Tinker v. Des Moines?

📘 1st Amendment Freedom of Speech

🃏 Schenck v. United States (1919)

📘 During WWI, Schenck’s anti-draft leaflets violated the Espionage Act. SCOTUS ruled speech that creates a “clear and present danger” isn’t protected, especially in wartime.

🃏 What test was created in Schenck v. U.S.?

📘 Clear and Present Danger Test

🃏 Gitlow v. New York (1925)

📘 Gitlow’s socialist manifesto called for revolution. SCOTUS upheld his conviction but began selective incorporation, applying 1st Amendment rights to states through the 14th Amendment.

🃏 What doctrine began with Gitlow v. New York?

📘 Incorporation Doctrine — applying Bill of Rights to the states via the 14th Amendment.

🃏 New York Times v. United States (1971)

📘 Government tried to block NYT from publishing Pentagon Papers. SCOTUS ruled prior restraint violated the Free Press Clause of the 1st Amendment. National security was not enough.

🃏 What amendment protected NYT in NYT v. U.S.?

📘 1st Amendment Freedom of the Press